Veterinarski arhiv, Vol. 79 No. 1, 2009.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
Seroprevalence of leptospiral serovars other than Canicola and Icterohaemorrhagiae in dogs in the Southwestern Nigeria
Emmanuel Adeniyi Okewole
; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Matthew Oluremi Ayoola
; Mokola Veterinary Hospital, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Rural Development, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Sažetak
Serum antibody titres against the prevailing serovars of Leptospira interrogans were evaluated in 52 dogs that were clinically and epidemiological screened for leptospirosis by the microscopic agglutination test in three ecologically distinct veterinary clinics in the Southwestern Nigeria. New non-vaccinal serovars of grippotyphosa, pomona and bratislava were of higher (P<0.01) prevalence than the old vaccinal serovars of canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae due to growing pet-wildlife contact in urbanization that exposes the pets to these former animal serovars. Grippotyphosa was again singularly higher (P<0.02) in prevalence in the large adult male dogs among the local and exotic breeds tested in the coastal urban clinic than in the arid suburban clinic with an over-representation of the German Shepherd breed (46.2%). Aetiological serovars were diagnosed as grippotyphosa in both the rain forest belt clinic A and the arid savannah belt clinic C and mixed grippotyphosa,
bratislava and pomona in the urban coastal clinic B. Heavy coastal rains that promote spirochetes survival in dirty flood waters, the contaminating vaccination-induced “carrier” state that exposes dogs to new and more pathogenic serovars, use of abattoir-offal as dog foods and the fast urbanization in city clinics that permits more dog-wildlife contacts, which also promotes contact with more pathogenic wild serovars, were responsible for the change in epidemiology. Use of new polyvalent subunit vaccines against the new serovars with an improved protocol, good kennel hygiene, including watering and feeding and environmental sanitation, including wildlife control, are recommended for control.
Ključne riječi
leptospira; serovars; titres; grippotyphosa; serum; antibody
Hrčak ID:
33138
URI
Datum izdavanja:
24.2.2009.
Posjeta: 2.063 *