Pregledni rad
Reform of the United Nations
Ljubo Runjić
; Veleučilište u Šibeniku, Šibenik, Hrvatska
Sažetak
The United Nations reform is one of the greatest challenges for this organization since its inception. The key elements of the UN reform were presented in the 2004 report of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Changes, entitled „A more Secure World: our Shared Responsibility“. Apart from the reform of the collective security system, there were also proposals for significant institutional changes, as well and for reforms of administrative bodies. The most significant institutional reform was that of the Security Council, while other reforms and the founding of some other bodies such as the UN Human Rights Council and the UN PeaceBuilding Commission were successfully carried out. In its report, the Panel recommends that those who make the vast majority of financial, military and diplomatic contributions to the United Nations should have seats in the Security Council. The models of reform proposed by the Panel for the Security Council and other relevant proposals envisage the expansion of the Security Council, including new permanent seats but without the right of veto. In reaction to the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003, significant changes in the use of force were proposed. The Panel proposed additional criteria on the legitimacy of the use of force, and the approval of humanitarian interventions that use force to stop genocide and stem humanitarian disasters. Administration reform was already started by the former Secretary-General Kofi Annan with the reform of the Secretariat. When he took office in 2007, Ban Ki-moon continued where Kofi Annan had left off. The main elements of his administration reform were presented in his programme „A Stronger United Nations for a Better World“, and it was largely a continuation of the above reform untertaken by Kofi Annan. And while parts of the reform, which is now underway, can be said to have been carried out successfully (the reform of administrative bodies, the setting up of a Peace Building Commission and Human Rights Commission), key issues such as the expansion of the Security Council and the reorganization of the collective security system are still a long way from being resolved. The reform process has so far shown that the United Nations has the capacity, ability and will for undertaking effective reforms, the main problem being, however, the Member States and the UN Charter, i.e. the procedure required for changing its provisions.
Ključne riječi
Reform; United Nations, Security Council, collective security
Hrčak ID:
39523
URI
Datum izdavanja:
12.7.2009.
Posjeta: 3.652 *