Ostalo
Archaeological Excavations of the Kalnik - Igrišće Settlement
Snježana Karavanić
; Institut za arheologiju, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
On the southern slopes of the Kalnik Mountain, archaeological excavations of the settlement at the Kalnik-Igrišće site resumed in July 2008. The site encompasses cadastral plot 233, owned by the Croatian forest management company Hrvatske šume. The objective of the excavations was to connect the layers and structures from both trial trenches, covering an overall surface of 60 m² (Fig. 1). During excavations of the upper part of trial trench 2 stratigraphic units (029-032) were uncovered, which – based on the typological characteristics of the pottery – can be dated to the Late La Tène period, and which are linked to the remains of the floor of the house in trench 1 (SU 004 and 005) (Karavanić 2007). All other stratigraphic units that can be seen on the map (Fig. 2) belonged to the Late Bronze Age period, or to the younger stage of the Urnfield culture. The Late Bronze Age layers in most of trial trench 2 (A-E/1-6) were partially destroyed by later structures, and post holes are the best preserved (SU 035, 037, 040, 042, 044, 048, 052). In the lower part of the trial trench, a layer of soot was found (SU 049, 055), which is associated with SU 014 and probably constitutes the remains of a house floor. The largest concentration of Late Bronze Age finds is in squares A-C/6-9, where under a layer of soot a high concentration of pottery and the remains of carbonized cereals were discovered (Fig.2), while the remains of a wooden beam were uncovered at the eastern profile of the trial trench. At the bottom of the excavation area, in squares B-C/11-12, there was a larger hearth (SU 057-058) that had a smooth surface and a substructure of yellow sandy soil. Pottery finds, stones and bone artefacts suggest that in this part of the settlement, everyday household activities proceeded that were associated with weaving (spindle whorls and weights) and food preparation (remains of cereals and vessels), and it is possible that a certain phase of pottery production proceeded here as well (remains of stone polishers). Some fine ceramics finds (Fig.3) suggest that pottery production in this part of the Kalnik-Igrišće settlement is typologically and culturally associated with the Ruše group in Slovenia, particularly with the settlement at Brinjeva gora (Pahič 1981; Oman 1981), and there are also many analogies with the settlement Špičak near Bojačno (Pavišić 1986/1987; 1993; 2001). These two settlements are directly associated with the Ruše cultural group in Slovenia, and they are dated in the Ha B stage, i.e. the younger Urnfield culture. The excavations at Kalnik-Igrišće have shown significant differences in relation to the excavations of 1988-1990 (Majnarić-Pandžić 1992;1998), in which the part of the settlement from the early Urnfield culture was discovered, where bronze-casting activities took place.
Ključne riječi
North-west Croatia; Kalnik; settlement; Late Bronze Age; Urnfield culture; Ruše group; cereal remains
Hrčak ID:
50396
URI
Datum izdavanja:
21.12.2009.
Posjeta: 2.207 *