Stručni rad

Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Livestock and Wildlife

Jacques Godfroid orcid.org/0000-0002-0782-7858 ; Section of Arctic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø, Norway
Klaus Nielsen ; Canadian Food Inspection Agency Ottawa Fallowfield Laboratory Brucellosis Centre of Expertise OIE Reference Laboratory for the Americas, ISO 17025 Accredited Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Claude Saegerman ; Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Ličge, Belgium

Sažetak

Aim To describe and discuss the merits of various direct
and indirect methods applied in vitro (mainly on blood or
milk) or in vivo (allergic test) for the diagnosis of brucellosis
in animals.
Methods The recent literature on brucellosis diagnostic
tests was reviewed. These diagnostic tests are applied with
different goals, such as national screening, confirmatory
diagnosis, certification, and international trade. The validation
of such diagnostic tests is still an issue, particularly in
wildlife. The choice of the testing strategy depends on the
prevailing brucellosis epidemiological situation and the
goal of testing.
Results Measuring the kinetics of antibody production
after Brucella spp. infection is essential for analyzing serological
results correctly and may help to predict abortion.
Indirect ELISAs help to discriminate 1) between false positive
serological reactions and true brucellosis and 2) between
vaccination and infection. Biotyping of Brucella spp.
provides valuable epidemiological information that allows
tracing an infection back to the sources in instances where
several biotypes of a given Brucella species are circulating.
Polymerase chain reaction and new molecular methods
are likely to be used as routine typing and fingerprinting
methods in the coming years.
Conclusion The diagnosis of brucellosis in livestock and
wildlife is complex and serological results need to be carefully
analyzed. The B. abortus S19 and B. melitensis Rev. 1
vaccines are the cornerstones of control programs in cattle
and small ruminants, respectively. There is no vaccine available
for pigs or for wildlife. In the absence of a human brucellosis
vaccine, prevention of human brucellosis depends
on the control of the disease in animals.

Ključne riječi

brucellosis; livestock; wildlife; diagnostic; conventional tests; serology; antibody production kinetics; biotyping; molecular fingerprinting

Hrčak ID:

58572

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/58572

Datum izdavanja:

15.8.2010.

Posjeta: 5.264 *