Review article
https://doi.org/10.21857/y26kecvzl9
Advances in endoscopic diagnosis of colorectal cancer
Maša Čavlina
orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-1315
Nadan Rustemović
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the world. Since it is known that most of colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps, screening programmes were developed in order to improve detection of polyps and early diagnosis of carcinoma. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of CRC. Because of its high adenoma missing rates and lower ability to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions novel techniques are being developed in order to improve mucosal visualization, reduce adenoma missing rates and enable in-vivo optical diagnosis. Methods can roughly be divided into three categories, ones that present improved visualization techniques (endoscopes with increased field of view, auxiliary imaging devices, so called addon devices), ones that enable more detail tissue characterization presenting the possibility for virtual biopsy (conventional or virtual chromoendoscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy), and other minimally or non-invasive techniques. Further investigation is needed, but hopefully these innovations with continuous technical improvement might help to reduce the colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
Keywords
colorectal carcinoma; diagnosis; endoscopy; colonoscopy
Hrčak ID:
182393
URI
Publication date:
5.6.2017.
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