Croatian Nursing Journal, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2018.
Review article
https://doi.org/10.24141/2/2/1/6
Alcoholism: Success of Long–Term Treatment — a Systematic Review
Martina Smrekar
orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-4362
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
Snježana Čukljek
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Marija Hošnjak
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
Boris Ilić
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
Sanja Ledinski Fičko
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Introduction. Alcohol consumption represents a public health problem whose treatment is complex, multidimensional and long-term with possible recurrence. Treatment is aimed at achieving long-term abstinence.
Aim. The purpose of this paper is to use a systematic review in order to determine which of the methods of alcoholism treatment has long-term effects on permanent and complete abstinence of an individual. The aim of the systematic review is an analysis of published data and achievements in this area.
Methods. A systematic review of literature that evaluates the success of long-term treatment of alcoholism was conducted using the Medline databases. The keywords used as search terms were: alcoholism, treatment success, long-term abstinence.
Results. Six studies in total were taken into consideration due to the availability of a full text article and years of publication between 2000 and 2017. Treatment of alcoholism includes some of the following interventions: complete abstinence from alcohol, pharmacotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, selfhelp group attendance, family therapy, individual interventions, combined behavioral interventions and telephone-based interventions. Results have shown that the following interventions had an impact on the increment of abstinence rates: aftercare telephone monitoring, regular medical checkups, participation in self-help groups, pharmacotherapy, attendance of the Outpatient Long-term Intensive Therapy for Alcoholics (OLITA) (OLITA program includes psychiatric care, cognitive-behavioral therapy, patient-centered psychotherapy and classical addiction therapy). The research shows that people who abstain for 3 to 6 months are more likely to achieve and maintain longterm abstinence.
Conclusion. More long-term research is required in order to estimate the treatment success in the long term. The treatment success depends on the individual and his motivation to accept treatment, on the long-term and comprehensive treatment and selfhelp group attendance.
Keywords
alcoholism; treatment success; long term abstinence
Hrčak ID:
203680
URI
Publication date:
29.6.2018.
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