Meeting abstract

https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2019.47

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis

Behija Hukeljić Berberović ; University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo School of Science of Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Nermir Granov ; University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zina Lazović ; University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lejla Divović ; University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Omer Perva ; University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is one of the most dreaded complications of mechanical heart valves. Suboptimal anticoagulation is the major risk for developing prosthetic heart valve thrombosis.
Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis usually presents with dyspnea or embolic events1. We present patient with prosthetic heart valve thrombosis without any symptoms, diagnosed via transthoracic echocardiography twenty days after mitral valve replacement during regular echocardiograph follow-up. In the medical history we obtained the information that the patient didn’t take anticoagulation drugs for five days after hospital discharge. Transthoracic echocardiography control revealed reduced leaflet mobility and high transvalvular gradients: MV maxPG 22mmHg, MV meanPG 12mmHg (Figure 1). Transesophageal echocardiography showed the presence of thrombus on prosthetic valve measuring 11x7 mm. Patient was readmitted to the hospital and treated with thrombolytic drug alteplase. According to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines fibrinolysis can be considered in a thrombosed left-sided prosthetic heart valve, which is of recent onset (<14 days) with class I-II symptoms and a small thrombus on transesophageal echocardiography.
Control echocardiography after treatment (Figure 2) showed MV meanPG 3.9mmHg and normal mobility of mitral valve. Successful
thrombolytic therapy was followed by warfarin and intravenous unfractionated heparin until the INR is 3-4. Current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines assign Class I recommendation to transthoracic echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography imaging in patient with prosthetic valve only in the
presence of clinical symptoms or sings of valve dysfunction. Pathological studies and observational registries indicate that the risk of valve thrombosis highest in the first 3 month after surgical implantation of
prosthetic valve, suggesting that anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in this time frame may be beneficial.2 Early follow up after surgical implantation is important because early detection and treatment of
thrombus formation may lead to shortterm reduction in the risk of TE events and long-term prevention of prosthetic valve degeneration.

Keywords

prosthetic valve thrombosis; thrombolytic drug

Hrčak ID:

220553

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/220553

Publication date:

31.5.2019.

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