Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.26332/seemedj.v4i1.129
Cytogenetic Findings in Children With Dysmorphic Features and Intellectual Disability/Mental Retardation in Eastern Croatia
Višnja Tomac
orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-8413
; Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek; Department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek
Silvija Pušeljić
; Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek; Department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek
Jasenka Wagner
; Medical genetics laboratory, Department of medical biology and genetics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek
Martina Kos
; Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek; Department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek
Nikolina Arambašić
; Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek; Department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek
Mia Damašek
; Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek
Abstract
Introduction: Numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations are some of the most common causes of intellectual disability/mental retardation (ID/MR), especially syndromic, and they represent about 10% of ID/MR that can be detected using cytogenetic methods.
Aim: The aim of this study is to show the results of cytogenetic findings in 340 patients with ID/MR and dysmorphia and/or multiple malformations in Eastern Croatia, examined at the Paediatric Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek and the Medical Genetics Laboratory at the Faculty of Medicine Osijek.
Methods: Cytogenetic analysis of 340 samples from patients with ID/MR and/or dysmorphia was conducted using G-banding with Trypsin/Giemsa (GTG) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).
Results: A total of 340 patients with ID/MR with dysmorphia and/or multiple malformations were referred for cytogenetic evaluation. The age range of patients was 0-18 years. The analysis included 221 boys (65%) and 119 girls (35%). A chromosomal aberration was found in 24.5% of patients. Numerical aberrations (aneuploidy) were seen in 64 patients (18.8%). The most common type of autosomal aneuploidy was trisomy 21, found in 14.7% of patients. Sex chromosome aneuploidy was detected in 2.6% of patients. Structural abnormalities were found in 6.5% of patients.
Conclusion: The results of our study show that cytogenetic analysis in patients with ID/MR should nowadays be applied when aneuploidies are suspected, since the first-line genetic test for patients with ID/MR, especially non-syndromic, is the Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) (33,34).
(Tomac* V, Pušeljić S, Wagner J, Kos M, Arambašić N, Damašek M. Cytogenetic Findings in Patients With Intellectual Disability/Mental Retardation and Dysmorphic Features in Eastern Croatia. SEEMEDJ 2020; 4(1); 87-95)
Keywords
intellectual disability/mental retardation; chromosomal aberrations, cytogenetic; children
Hrčak ID:
237410
URI
Publication date:
27.4.2020.
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