Acta clinica Croatica, Vol. 60. No. 3., 2021.
Review article
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2021.60.03.23
Review of the Bladder Cancer Molecular Classification Proposed: a New Era – New Taxonomy
Šoip Šoipi
; Department of Urology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Majda Vučić
; Ljudevit Jurak Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Borislav Spajić
; Department of Urology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Božo Krušlin
; Ljudevit Jurak Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Miroslav Tomić
; Department of Urology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Monika Ulamec
; Ljudevit Jurak Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croati
Abstract
The management of bladder cancer patients largely depends on pathologic staging
and grading, and current morphological classification does not always show the individual patient’s
risk. Despite modern surgical techniques, pre- and postoperative therapies, clinical outcomes of these
patients have not changed over decades. Today, there are new biomarkers for bladder cancer showing
changes in tumor biology and progression, as a result of changes in the pathways affecting cell signaling,
proliferation, apoptosis, epigenetic changes, angiogenesis, and modulation of host immune response.
Assessment of multiple biomarkers associated with those pathways offers new understanding
of tumor behavior while identifying important panels of predicting patient management and outcomes.
In this review, the most important molecules and basics of the novel molecular classification of
bladder cancer are presented.
Keywords
Bladder cancer; Molecular classification
Hrčak ID:
271677
URI
Publication date:
1.9.2021.
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