Review article

https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.6.3

Small Ruminant Lentivirus: A practical approach

João Jacob_Ferreira orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-4820 ; Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
Isabel Pires orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-4560 ; Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
Nuno Alegria ; Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
Ana Cláudia Coelho orcid.org/0000-0002-7196-4179 ; Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
Andrea Garcês orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-3141 ; Agrarian School of Viseu (ESAV), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
Luis Miguel Ferrer ; Animal Pathology Department, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
Delia Lacasta ; Animal Pathology Department, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
Hélder Quintas orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-1669 ; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal

Abstract

Small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) is a group of viruses of the Retroviridae family, shared between caprine, ovine and wild ruminants. It is responsible for a systemic infection that can affect the lungs, central nervous system, mammary gland and joints, causing chronic, insidious, and progressive diseases, seriously affecting animal health. Concurrently, it is associated with a decrease in milk production, leading to malnutrition of lambs and goat kids and to the premature slaughter of adult animals, causing substantial economic losses. This review aims to gather the latest information regarding lentivirus
in small ruminants in the clinical practice, their economic importance, and diagnostic and prevention methods. Diagnosis is based on clinical, analytical, and post-mortem findings. The feasibility of imaging diagnosis is also highlighted. Preventive measures and management interventions, including the culling or segregation of positive animals, are effective options to control or even eradicate this disease. SRLV prevention strategies must be applied continuously to progressively eradicate infection.

Keywords

small ruminants lentiviruses; seroprevalence; risk factors; interstitial pneumonia; mastitis; encephalitis; arthritis

Hrčak ID:

291377

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/291377

Publication date:

19.5.2023.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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