Review article

https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.56.6.9

A review of retained placenta in bovines - risks, diagnosis, treatment, and control

Hesam Kohsari ; Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran *
Khatereh Berenjian ; Shaghayegh Gharb Pakhsh Veterinary Pharmaceutical Company, Kermanshah, Iran
Forogh Mohammadi ; Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

* Corresponding author.

Abstract

Retained placenta (RP) is a syndrome that affects all species of domestic animals, including bovines. Retained placenta can lead to life-threatening complications and is considered an emergency in theriogenology practice. Various factors underlie the occurrence of RP, including defects in the immunological rejection of the placenta, disorders in myometrial contractions, infections, disorders in the release or function of proteolytic enzymes in the placenta, induction of parturition, preterm birth, abortion, stillbirth, excessive body weight, senility, bacterial and
fungal toxins, inbreeding, abnormal hormonal environment at peri-parturition, injuries of the placenta, elective caesarean, environmental stressful conditions, nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disturbances, and breed.
Depending on the underlying cause(s), different measures have been suggested to prevent RP, such as feeding a balanced ration, proper immunisation against diseases, supplying a dry and clean environment for parturition,
using breeds with a low incidence of dystocia or RP. There are several methods for treating the disease, including manual removal of membranes, injection of collagenase into the umbilical arteries of the retained membranes,
uterine lavage, hormone therapy, antibiotic therapy and others. This review highlights the effective means of management of RP in cattle.

Keywords

retained placenta; cattle; diagnosis; treatment; control

Hrčak ID:

327520

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/327520

Publication date:

16.3.2025.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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