Introduction: In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index may be a good predictor of adverse cardiac events. Higher TyG index has been linked to greater incidence of in-stent restenosis during percutaneous coronary intervention and severity of coronary artery disease, according to recent research. (1) Aim: To investigate the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with AMI.
Patients and Methods: This was a registry-based study conducted at Dubrava University Hospital. We recruited patients with an AMI diagnosis from December 2016 to August 2023. The TyG index was calculated as ln[fasting triglyceride level (mg/dL)xfasting plasma glucose level (mg/dL)/2]. We collected data on gender, age, type of AMI: ST-elevation (STEMI) or non-ST-elevation (NSTE), occurrence of death from all causes, which was divided into several groups (death from: unknown or external causes, AMI, stroke, bleeding and pulmonary embolism). The primary outcomes were all-causes mortality and mortality from AMI during follow-up period. We looked into the relationships between the TyG index and the primary endpoints using the chi-square test. P value of 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.
Results: We included 2273 patients diagnosed with AMI. Their median age was 64 years (IQR 56-73). Median follow-up was 18.6 months (IQR 2.4-42.5). The patients were split apart using the median of TyG index (4.126 mg/L) IQR (3.929-4.359). Statistically significant difference (chi-square 6.52, p=0.01) was observed in the deaths of 367 patients (16.1%) who were in the group with a higher TyG index. Patients with a TyG index above the median showed a statistically significant difference when evaluating mortality from AMI (chi-square 4.6781, p= 0.031).
Conclusion: Among patients who experienced AMI, the TyG index was substantially correlated with both long-term all-cause death and death from AMI. TyG index may therefore be useful in daily clinical practice.