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Drvna industrija, Vol. 76 No. 2, 2025.

Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2025.0232

Properties of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Modified with Kraft Lignin for Particleboard Production

Miroslav Němec ; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Luboš Prokůpek ; Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
Jaromír Hradecký ; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Vojtěch Obst ; Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
Tomáš Pipíška ; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Štepan Hysek orcid id orcid.org/0000-0001-8642-0847 ; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic

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Abstract

Lignin is a natural polymer with a phenolic structure, which makes it suitable as a substitute in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. In this study, unmodified kraft lignin was used as a substitute in a commercial phenol-formaldehyde resin, with the substitution rate being 10 %. This resin was further used to produce a singlelayer particleboard using hot pressing in a laboratory press. Results of physical and mechanical tests showed that the addition of lignin to the PF resin negatively affected these properties, while particleboards bonded with lignin-modified PF resin met the requirements of the standard for lower-class particleboards. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed cohesive failures in ruptured particleboards bonded with both the reference resin and the lignin-modified PF resin. For the lignin-modified PF resin, particles of undissolved lignin were found in the resin. Further testing showed no difference in the emission of volatile organic compounds between the variants.

Keywords

Wood-based composite; lignin; adhesive; mechanical properties; physical properties

Hrčak ID:

332610

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/332610

Publication date:

25.5.2026.

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