Veterinary Archives, Vol. 72 No. 1, 2002.
Original scientific paper
Comparative antidotal effects of diphenhydramine and atropine against dichlorvos-induced acute toxicosis in rats.
Fouad Kasim Mohammad
; Department of Physiology - Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
Gada Abdul-Mune’m Faris
; Department of Physiology - Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
Mohammad Khalid Shindala
; Department of Physiology - Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
Abstract
The antidotal effect of diphenhydramine against acute toxicosis induced by the organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos in male rats was evaluated and compared with that of the standard antidote atropine. Dichlorvos at 45 mg/kg orally induced cholinergic toxicity in the rats with cholinesterase inhibition in the plasma (62%), erythrocytes (59%) and whole brain (37%) in comparison with the control group. Intraperitoneal administration of diphenhydramine or atropine at 20 mg/kg 5 minutes after the dichlorvos dosing significantly decreased the incidences of toxic manifestations and gradually decreased the severity of toxicosis during a 60-minute observation period. The antidotal effect of diphenhydramine appeared to be comparable with that of the atropine. However, addition of diazepam did not improve the antidotal efficacy of diphenhydramine. The reductions in blood and brain cholinesterase activities occurred in all the dichlorvos-treated rats regardless of antidotal therapy. The data indicate the antidotal efficacy of diphenhydramine against dichlorvos-induced poisoning in rats in a manner comparable with that of atropine.
Keywords
organophosphate; cholinesterase; anticholinesterase; antihistamine
Hrčak ID:
78390
URI
Publication date:
18.2.2002.
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