Veterinary Archives, Vol. 82 No. 6, 2012.
Original scientific paper
The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in E. coli lipopolysaccharide induced febrile buffalo calves.
Suresh K. Sharma
; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
Shah A. Ul Haq
; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic properties of ceftazidime, a third generation cephalosporin, were investigated in experimentally induced febrile buffalo calves (n=5) after a single intravenous administration at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight. The fever was induced by a single/repeated intravenous injection of E. coli lipopolysaccaride (1 μg/kg). Ceftazidime concentrations in the plasma and urine were determined by microbiological assay. Ceftazidime disposition was best fitted by a bi-compartmental open model with first-order elimination. At 2.5 min, the concentration of ceftazidime in the plasma of the febrile animals was 152.3 ± 6.77 μg/mL and the drug was detected up to 14 h. The elimination half-life and volume of distribution were 3.73 ± 0.42 h and 0.26 ± 0.05 L/kg, respectively. The distribution half-life, AUC and total body clearance (ClB) were 0.24 ± 0.03 h, 217.3 ± 23.4 μg/mL.h and 47.9 ± 4.57 mL/kg/h, respectively. Urinary excretion of ceftazidime was less than 28 percent after 32 h of administration of the drug in the febrile animals. An efficacy predictor, measured as the time over which the active drug exceeds the bacteria minimum inhibitory concentration (T>MIC), was calculated. T>MIC was 73% of the recommended dosing interval (8h) for bacteria with a MIC90≤4 μg/mL.
Keywords
buffalo calf; ceftazidime; dosage regimen; fever; pharmacokinetics
Hrčak ID:
93348
URI
Publication date:
5.12.2012.
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