Original scientific paper
Migration to Southern Hungary across the Drava and Sava River at the End of the XIX Century
Béla Makkai
; Károli Gáspár University of the Hungarian Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
Abstract
In Slavonia part of the native Hungarian population even survived the Turkish era in the villages by the river Osijek and Vuka. Statistical research in 1910 showed the number of Hungarian population of at 104,000 inhabitants. The study looked at directions and reasons for migration during dualism, and analysed sociological
and political consequences. While Croatian historians readily use the word “colonialism” about this subject, Makai points out the spontaneity of this process: so that the move from neighbouring
Hungarian counties is first and foremost justified as a demographic boom, with feudal ownership relationships over the land, due to large damage from phylloxera, with the need for labour force and with good land assessments. The viewpoints of Makai also lend support to diasporic settlement and crippled social sociological structure (mostly labourer and servant). In Slavonian counties, the fear of lagging behind other counties lingered (mostly in border regions) and on the basis of large political consequences it generated ethnic conflicts. This led to the so called Slavonian action in 1904, a part of which was the national security plan.
Keywords
demographic boom; migration; immigration; Hungarian; German diaspora; modernisation of landownership relations; inter-ethnical relations; minority Hungarian schools; literacy; assimilation; Slavonia; border zone; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Slavonian action
Hrčak ID:
77608
URI
Publication date:
1.6.2011.
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