Review article

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Ivica Mokos ; KBC Zagreb

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is considered a normal part of the aging process in men and is hormonally dependent on dihydrotestosterone production. The voiding dysfunction that results from prostate gland enlargement and bladder outlet obstruction is termed lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Clinical manifestations of LUTS include urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, decreased or intermittent force of stream, or a sensation of incomplete emptying. The risk of acute urinary retention (AUR) and the need for surgical treatment increase with age. Patients with mild LUTS should be managed with lifestyle advice and pelvic floor muscle exercise. Alpha-blockers should be offered as a first-line treatment to men with bothersome LUTS who request treatment. Treatment with combined alpha-blocker and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor therapy can significantly reduce the risk of disease progression and avoid long-term complications such as acute urinary retention and surgery. Surgery is appropriate for patients with moderate to severe LUTS who have not responded to drug treatment, or who have developed AUR or any absolute indication for surgery.

Keywords

prostatic hyperplasia; lower urinary tract symptoms; treatment guidelines

Hrčak ID:

89352

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/89352

Publication date:

23.1.2012.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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