Filologija, No. 59, 2012.
Original scientific paper
Foreign Language Elements in Dragutin Parčić’s Dictionaries
Marija Turk
orcid.org/0000-0002-3303-7964
; Filozofski fakultet u Rijeci
Abstract
The Croatian lexicographer Dragutin Parčić (1832—1902) is credited with supplementing the Croatian lexis in the second half of the 19th century. His linguistic attitudes are close to those of the Zagreb school of philology. When Vuk’s supporters won, he was marginalised and as a result his work was not studied or evaluated as much as it should have been. D. Parčić was, in line with the then dominant linguistic approach, a purist lexicographer: in his Croatian-Italian dictionary he provided a Croatian substitute for all international terms (teologija → bogoslovje), and thus greatly contributed to making people aware of the classical heritage within one’s own culture. Outside terminology, his dictionaries include both evident and latent foreign language elements. The former are loan words, and the latter are calques. The origin of loan words is not always given. Calques as compromise solutions that can satisfy even a lexicographer with strong purist views dominate over loan words. He points to calques directly or indirectly: for only a small part of them he gives the origin of the model, and for those that were formed, or he assumed were formed, according to the German model he uses the germanismo label (e.g. dotičan, kolodvor). He indirectly points to a small number of calques using the neologismo label (e.g. suncobran, okružnica) or to semantic calques using the label fig. (e.g. nedužan). The foreign language equivalent printed in original spelling that the calque reproduces also points to calques (e.g. domobranstvo — Landwehr, milizia nazionale). When it comes to words of foreign origin in his dictionaries Parčić used two completely opposite procedures: he included some and he replaced some with Croatian words. He replaced internationalisms with Croatian equivalents to contribute to the creation of Croatian terms, that is, to promote them. By including loan words outside terminology Parčić wanted to offer as complete a thesaurus of the Croatian language as possible and to collect a lexis fund in all the forms it appears in.
Keywords
Parčić’s dictionaries; loanwords; calque; Croatian; Italian
Hrčak ID:
98093
URI
Publication date:
12.3.2013.
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