Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2232
Effects of Smoking during Pregnancy on DNA Damage and ROS Level Consequences in Maternal and Newborns’ Blood
Umit Aydogan
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Family Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
Emre Durmaz
; Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Cihangir Mutlu Ercan
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ankara, Turkey
Ayse Eken
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Onur Kenan Ulutas
; Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Serkan Kavuk
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Family Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
Orhan Gursel
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
Ibrahim Alanbay
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
Cemal Akay
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Ahmet Emin Kurekci
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
Ahmet Aydin
; Yeditepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
Ahmet Sayal
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Kenan Saglam
; Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Family Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
İsmet Çok
; Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
Some of the genotoxic/carcinogenic substances or metabolites in cigarette smoke are capable of passing through the placenta and harming a newborn’s health. Smoking is also known as a factor in the formation of oxidative damage and the main mechanism involved in the carcinogenic process. Predetermining this genotoxic risk can be successfully achieved by measuring certain parameters of oxidative stress. The comet assay is considered an important biomarker for the evaluation of genotoxic substances and is effective for detecting DNA damage caused by smoking. This study examined third trimester bloods and the cord blood of 28 actively smoking and 22 non-smoking mothers in terms of DNA damage and oxidative stress parameters. Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), plasma nitrite/nitrates (NO2•/NO3•), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx), Cu, and Zn levels were measured as indicators of oxidative damage. There were no significant increases in DNA damage of the actively smoking pregnant group in comparison with the non-smoking pregnant group, either in the third trimester or cord blood. Oxidative stress parameters of smoker and non-smoker groups were statistically different for MDA (p<0.05), CuZn-SOD (p<0.01), Se-GPx (p<0.05) values while the difference was not significant for NO2•/NO3•, CAT, Zn, and Cu values. The same values were also investigated in cord blood, and only NO2•/NO3• (p<0.01), Se-GPx (p<0.01 and CAT (p<0.001) values were found statistically different. Smoking mothers may have been exposed to more oxidative stress than non-smoking mothers.
Keywords
cigarette smoke; cord blood; genotoxicity; oxidative stress; pregnant women
Hrčak ID:
98681
URI
Publication date:
20.3.2013.
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