Original scientific paper

Anatomic variations of the neck muscles in dogs.

Ivan Alić orcid.org/0000-0002-8125-8198 ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Tajana Trbojević Vukičević ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Martina Đuras ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Snježana Kužir ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Dražen Vnuk ; Clinic of Surgery, Orthopaedics and Ophthalmology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Srebrenka Nejedli ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Lazo Pendovski ; Department of Functional Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ss. “Cyril and Methodius“, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Vesna Gjurčević Kantura ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

Muscle variations are common in humans, as well as in both wild and domestic animals. They are defined as additional muscle bundles or bellies, unusual insertions or even complete absence of the muscle. In this manuscript, we have described different variations of neck muscles in dogs. Fifty-seven medium sized dogs of different breeds, sex and ages were dissected between 2005 and 2011, within gross anatomy course. These variations were observed in four (7.02%) dogs and have included the sternohyoideus, stylohyoideus, sternocephalicus and scalenus dorsalis muscle. One dog presented three muscle variations (left sternohyoideus muscle, left and right stylohyoidues muscle), another two dogs showed two muscle variations (left and right sternocephalicus muscle) and one dog had one muscle variation (left scalenus dorsalis muscle). Muscle variations were observed bilaterally three times and once involved the stylohyoideus muscle and in the other two cases, the sternocephalicus muscle. The close phylogenetic relationship explains the observed muscle variations. Our description of neck muscle variations in dogs is a contribution to phylogenetic research and, in the terms of veterinary medicine, their presence has to be taken in account during surgical procedures of the neck region.

Keywords

dog; anatomic variations, m. sternohyoideus; m. stylohyoideus; m. sternocephalicus; m. scalenus dorsalis

Hrčak ID:

116219

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/116219

Publication date:

13.2.2014.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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