Reumatizam, Vol. 59 No. 2, 2012.
Professional paper
Gout as a systemic disease: systemic manifestations and comorbidities of hyperuricaemia
Marija Glasnović
; Clinical Department for Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Abstract
Gout is a recurrent inflammation of one or more joints that occurs because of disposal monosodium urate crystals in joints and other structures in soft tissues. Gout is a common metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperuricemia, serum urate levels ≥360 mmol/l (>6.8 mg/dl), which exceeds the physiological threshold of saturation. Well known complications of gout are tophi, deforming arthropathy, urolithiasis, chronic urate nephropathy, acute uric nephropathy (usually secondary due to chemotherapy), avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The risk of developing gout is directly linked to the development of hyperuricemia. Numerous evidence-based clinical and epidemiological study of urinary acid as an independent risk factor for developing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, stroke and metabolic syndrome revalued the role of uric acid in human health and disease. In gout, as in other rheumatic disease, extraarticular manifestations are of utmost importance for morbidity and mortality.
Keywords
gout; hyperuricemia; hypertension; coronary heart disease; kidney disease; stroke; metabolic syndrome; cognitive disfunction
Hrčak ID:
124053
URI
Publication date:
25.10.2012.
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