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https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar.2015.23

Thrombophilia and other conditions associated with acute forms of cardiovascular disease

Jasna Cmrečnjak orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-1062 ; Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia
Marin Kursar ; Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia

Abstract

We are witnessing increasingly frequent cases of acute coronary syndrome in younger patients, or in patients who did not present the typical risk factors. Most studies define younger patients as persons under 45 years of age. Such patients are typically diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with normal coronary arteries, i.e. the coronary artery does not show intraluminal anomalies (strict definition) or with a smaller artery stenosis but hemodynamically insignificant (in most cases <30% stenosis). A recently published study (APPROACH) determined the prevalence of AMI with normal coronary arteries was 2.8% in patients who underwent coronary angiography for AMI. Differential diagnosis of such acute coronary events includes myocarditis, stress cardiomyopathy, and Takotsubo syndrome. There is no single explanation for the origin of AMI with normal coronary arteries, but a few possible mechanisms have been suggested: latent atherosclerosis, vasospasm, thrombosis and hypercoagulability, embolization, and inflammation. We differentiate between acquired and inherited thrombophilia syndrome.
In this report, we will describe a link between hereditary forms of trombophilia (a mutation of factor V Leiden, prothrombin gene mutation, deficiency of protein C and protein S, antithrombin deficiency, and mutations in the gene for glycoprotein plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) and acute forms of cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

thrombophilia; acute coronary syndrome; myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries

Hrčak ID:

139266

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/139266

Publication date:

13.3.2015.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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