Paediatria Croatica, Vol. 58 No. 4, 2014.
Case report
https://doi.org/10.13112/PC.2014.52
Cerebral palsy and associated neurodevelopmental impairments in children with cortical dysgenesis
Andrea Šimić Klarić
Zdravko Kolundžić
Želimir Šimić
Ivana Đaković
Nikola Gotovac
Vlatka Mejaški Bošnjak
Abstract
Cortical dysgenesis is included in the spectrum of developmental brain anomalies due to neuronal migration disorder. This paper
presents the cases of two boys with cerebral palsy and associated neurodevelopmental impairments due to cortical dysgenesis. The
fi rst patient is a boy at the age of 5 years who was diagnosed with left-sided hemiparesis. Electroencephalogram showed focal rightsided
centrotemporal spikes, and magnetic resonance of the brain displayed cerebral cortex malformation consistent with opercular
syndrome of the right hemisphere. The child is included in physiotherapy and, due to articulation impairments, speech and
language therapy. Until now, he has not experienced seizures. The other patient has developed left-sided hemiparesis since infancy.
He was born in the 33rd week of gestation and had perinatal infection. Serum level of cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG and polymerase
chain reaction in urine and serum were positive, but ganciclovir therapy was not indicated. At the age of 3 years, the boy developed
unilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Electroencephalogram showed spikes over the right hemisphere with a tendency to generalize.
Magnetic resonance of the brain showed neuronal migration disorder in terms of bilateral pachygyria. The boy is involved in physiotherapy,
occupational therapy and speech and language therapy due to delayed speech development. Seizures have not occurred
to date. Electroencephalographic discharges are still present. In conclusion, neurodevelopmental outcomes of our patients with
cortical dysgenesis are marked with cerebral palsy with associated neurodevelopmental impairments, speech and language disorders,
and a risk of developing epilepsy due to abnormal electroencephalogram. We conclude that cortical dysgenesis should be
taken in consideration as a possible cause of cerebral palsy. Correct visualization may be obtained by magnetic resonance imaging
of the brain.
Keywords
cerebral palsy; neuronal migration disorder; child, preschool
Hrčak ID:
142362
URI
Publication date:
23.12.2014.
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