Review article

FUNCTIONAL BLOATING, CONSTIPATION AND DIARRHEA

SANJA BEKIĆ ; Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, and Sanja Bekić Family Medicine Oi ce, Osijek, Croatia

Abstract

Functional disorders and diseases are usually diagnosed by exclusion when there is no clear presence of infl ammatory, anatomic, metabolic, or neoplastic processes which would explain the symptoms and diffi culties of the patient. The Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGID) are used in clinical and scientifi c medicine. Functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal system in adults are classifi ed into six groups. Group C are functional bowel disorders which include irritable bowel syndrome (C1), functional bloating (C2), functional constipation (C3) and functional diarrhea (4). The symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders are often a combination of disrupted physiological functions, such as an increase in motor reactivity of the intestine, visceral hypersensitivity, impaired immune functions and infl ammatory intestinal mucosa followed by change in the intestinal bacterial fl ora and disrupted central nervous system-enteric nervous system regulation because of exposure to different psychosocial and sociocultural factors. The symptoms must be present for at least six months before clinical manifestation of the disease and also must be currently present and diagnostically confi rmed in the last three months. Diagnostic procedures are targeted individually, depending on the patient age, nature of symptoms, and other clinical and laboratory characteristics. Treatment is based on health education, nutrition counseling, medication and psychological support.

Keywords

functional bowel disorders; Rome III Diagnostic Criteria general practitioner

Hrčak ID:

154151

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/154151

Publication date:

12.3.2016.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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