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Rescue archaeological excavation at the AN7B Čeminac – Vakanjac site along the A5 Beli Manastir – Osijek motorway in 2014 and 2015
Hrvoje Kalafatić
; Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia
Mateja Hulina
; Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
The Institute of Archaeology excavated the AN7B Čeminac- Vakanjac site in 2014 and 2015. The researched area was around 8 hectares. The frequency of archaeological features in the northern area of the site is very reduced, increases in the middle, then starts to decrease towards the south. The site can be diveded into 2 parts: first is a settlement of the Eneolithic Retz-Gajary culture (~3800-3600 BC) in the middle part of the site, second is medieval in the southern area of the site. Most of archaeological features belong to the Eneolithic settlement which consists of several large pits and many smaller ones, both of which are often grouped. Two of the biggest features, the dugout dwellings (SU 38/[39] + 131/[132] and SU 170/[171] + 182/[183]), have the most abundant finds. Most of the finds in the Eneolithic pits are pottery shards of Retz-Gajary culture and animal bones, but there are also lithics (some of it obsidian), ceramic spindle whorls, stone axes, copper needles and copper fragments. In one of the pits, a human skull and parts of skeletal remains were found. In the southern area, the frequency of prehistoric finds decreases and medieval features appear. A medieval road with pottery shards and metal finds was discovered and documented, as well as several rectangular pits with medieval pottery shards. On the far south of the site there are two canals, one alluvial without any archaeological finds and another one from the modern period (19th c.) with glazed pottery shards, roof tiles, metal finds and an Austrian coin from 1860.
Keywords
Eneolithic; Retz-Gajary culture; settlement; copper; cattlemen; the Middle Ages
Hrčak ID:
167292
URI
Publication date:
7.10.2016.
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