Medicina Fluminensis, Vol. 52. No. 4., 2016.
Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2016_4roa
Acute myeloid leukemia in children: the study of clinical and biological features and results of the treatment at the Department of pediatrics, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka
Jelena Roganović
; Klinika za pedijatriju, KBC Rijeka, Rijeka
Tatjana Čučak
; Klinički zavod za laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, KBC Rijeka, Rijeka
Irena Seili-Bekafigo
; Zavod za kliničku citologiju, KBC Rijeka, Rijeka
Klara Dubravčić
; Klinički zavod za laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, KBC Zagreb, Zagreb
Ružica Lasan-Trčić
; Klinika za pedijatriju, KBC Zagreb, Zagreb
Abstract
Objective: To investigate clinical and biological (cytomorphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics) features and the survival rate of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a tertiary centre.
Material and Methods: Epidemiological, retrospective, descriptive study involving patients with newly diagnosed AML younger than 18 years, from January 1st 2002 to December 31st 2013.
Results: In a 12-year period, 9 children with AML were hospitalized, 5 (55.6%) girls and 4 (44.4%) boys. The median age was 11 (± 3.8 SD) years. The most common symptoms were asthenia (66.7%), persistent fever (55.6%), pallor (44.4%) and bleeding (44.4%). Lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly were present in 3 patients (33.3%), and splenomegaly in one (11.1%) patient. One (11.1%) patient had initial central nervous system involvement. Thrombocytopenia was present in 8 (88.9%) patients, anemia in 7 (77.8%) patients, leukocytosis in 4 (44.5%) patients, and leukopenia in 3 (33.3%) patients. All patients had blasts in the peripheral blood smear. Seven cytomorphologic subtypes with characteristic immunophenotypic features were found. Seven (77.8%) patients had numeric and structural chromosome aberrations. Three (33.3%) patients were classified in standard-risk group and 6 (66.7%) in high-risk group. Remission was achieved in 6 (66.7%) patients on day 15 of chemotherapy. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed in 3 (33.3%) patients. Eight (88.9%) patients are in complete remission with a median follow-up of 10.1 years. The death occurred in one (11.1%) patient due to septic shock.
Conclusions: Pediatric AML is a heterogeneous hematologic neoplasm. Aggressive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation provide a high cure rate.
Keywords
acute myeloid leukaemia; child; treatment
Hrčak ID:
168450
URI
Publication date:
1.12.2016.
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