Review article

https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2017_182956

Immunotherapy of transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder

Kristian Krpina ; Klinika za urologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska

Abstract

Bladder cancer is the most common cancer in urinary system. There are two clinical aspects of this disease: muscle non-invasive and muscle invasive disease. Basic characteristic of non-muscle invasive disease is tumor recurrence; 60-90 % of tumors will recurr if treated by transurethral resection (TUR) only. That is the reason why patients in whom exists the risk of recurrence or progression undergo intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. BCG represents live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. There are two phases in BCG therapy: induction and maintenance therapy. Intravesical BCG application causes massive agregation of immune cells in bladder wall and producton of cytokins which causes cytotoxic tumor response. Direct effector mechanism is achieved by IFN (interferon) and NK (natural killer) cell cytotoxicity.

Keywords

BCG; bladder cancer; immunotherapy

Hrčak ID:

184836

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/184836

Publication date:

1.9.2017.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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