Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.5562/cca3205

Centaurea rupestris L.: Cytogenetics, Essential Oil Chemistry and Biological Activity

Ivana Carev orcid.org/0000-0002-3032-3156 ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia
Ana Maravić orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-6656 ; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21 000 Split, Croatia
Mejra Bektašević orcid.org/0000-0002-2860-0898 ; Biotechnical Faculty, University of Bihać, Luke Marjanovića bb, 77 000 Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mirko Ruščić ; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21 000 Split, Croatia
Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev orcid.org/0000-0002-6247-3351 ; Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay cedex, France
Olivera Politeo orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-6216 ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia

Abstract

Centaurea species are used in eastern Mediterranean ethnopharmacology due to variety of bioactive compounds they comprise. Aim of this work was to characterize the Centaurea rupestris L. hydrodistilled essential oil chemical composition and test its biological activity: antimicrobial effect, antioxidant potential and inhibition of cholinesterases. Plant material authentication was by chromosome number counting and genome size assessment with the flow cytometry. Hydrodistilled essential oils were characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique GC-MS and GC-FID. The antimicrobial effect was tested using disk diffusion and microdilution methods, antioxidant potential was tested with DPPH and FRAP methods and cholinesterases inhibition was tested with Ellman method. Genome size for C. rupestris species: sample A presented 2C=3.60 (0.10) pg and sample B 2C=3.62 (0.08) pg. The chromosome number was 2n=20 for both samples. The main essential oil constituents in isolated sample A oil, detected with GC-MS and GC-FID were: germacrene D (24.3 %), heptacosane (14.4 %), phytol (6.7 %), β-caryophyllene (5.0 %) and pentacosane (4.5 %). Sample B essential oil had the main constituents: hexadecanoic acid (18.7 %), heptacosane (13.8 %), α-linolenic acid (11.8 %), nonacosane (7.8 %) and germacrene D (5.4 %). Both samples of oil showed broad spectrum antimicrobial effect with good activity against emerging Gram-positive and Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens and pathogenic fungi which indicates the pharmaceutical potential of the C. rupestris essential oil.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords

antimicrobial activity; antioxidant potential; cholinesterases inhibition; essential oil; GC/MS, genome size

Hrčak ID:

193114

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/193114

Publication date:

2.1.2018.

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