Review article
https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2018.0302
Influence of nutrition on the quality of colostrum and milk of ruminants
Ewa Pecka-Kiełb
; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
Andrzej Zachwieja
; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Chełmońskiego 38c, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
Edyta Wojtas
; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Chełmońskiego 38c, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
Wojciech Zawadzki
; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
Abstract
The composition and properties of mammary glands’ secretions are influenced by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Types and quality of the feed and feed additives determine the characteristics and quality of products of animal origin. In terms of quality and quantity, the desired effects may be achieved only when the feed ration fully responds to the needs of the animal. Not supplying the required components with the feed affects the composition of both, colostrum and milk, and reduces their production, which influences health condition of animals and - as a result - food safety. Milk and milk products are considered functional food not only due to high nutritional value but also due to positive impact on human health. Nowadays there are various initiatives to produce the so-called healthy food obtained through specially programmed nutrition of animals, which means enriching foodstuffs in biologically active substances. In order to obtain good physicochemical parameters in colostrum and milk of ruminants, it is vital to use high quality feeds in order to satisfy protein and energy demand in animals, and mineral and vitamin contents in the feed ration should be properly balanced. It is also important to use energy additives in dry cows. Another important issue is obtaining the rumen fermentation profile that reduces the emission of methane and determines an appropriate profile of volatile fatty acids. The manuscript is devoted to physiochemical properties of colostrum and milk of cows, goats, sheep as well as the influence of nutrition on the quality of mammary secretions of ruminants.
Keywords
nutrition; colostrum; milk; ruminants
Hrčak ID:
202292
URI
Publication date:
28.6.2018.
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