Acta clinica Croatica, Vol. 57. No. 2., 2018.
Review article
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2018.57.02.16
Differential Diagnosis of Cheilitis – How to Classify Cheilitis?
Liborija Lugović-Mihić
orcid.org/0000-0001-7494-5742
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Kristina Pilipović
; School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Iva Crnarić
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
Mirna Šitum
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Tomislav Duvančić
orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-3232
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Although cheilitis as a term describing lip inflammation has been identified and recognized for a long time, until now there have been no clear recommendations for its work-up and classification. The disease may appear as an isolated condition or as part of certain systemic diseases/conditions (such as anemia due to vitamin B12 or iron deficiency) or local infections (e.g., herpes and oral candidiasis). Cheilitis can also be a symptom of a contact reaction to an irritant or allergen, or may be provoked by sun exposure (actinic cheilitis) or drug intake, especially retinoids. Generally, the forms most commonly reported in the literature are angular, contact (allergic and irritant), actinic, glandular, granulomatous, exfoliative and plasma cell cheilitis. However, variable nomenclature is used and subtypes are grouped and named differently. According to our experience and clinical practice, we suggest classification based on primary differences in the duration and etiology of individual groups of cheilitis, as follows: 1) mainly reversible (simplex, angular/infective, contact/eczematous, exfoliative, drug-related); 2) mainly irreversible (actinic, granulomatous, glandular, plasma cell); and 3) cheilitis connected to dermatoses and systemic diseases (lupus, lichen planus, pemphi-gus/pemphigoid group, angioedema, xerostomia, etc.).
Keywords
Cheilitis; Inflammation; Lip Diseases; Actinic Cheilitis; Classification; Dermatitis, Contact
Hrčak ID:
207562
URI
Publication date:
1.6.2018.
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