Review article
ARE BORRELIA MIYAMOTOI AND BORRELIA MAYONII POSSIBLE PATHOGENS IN CROATIA?
NATAŠA CETINIĆ BALENT
orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-6397
; Dr. Fran Mihaljević University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Medical Virology, Zagreb, Croatia
RADOJKA MIKULIĆ
; Dr. Fran Mihaljević University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Medical Virology, Zagreb, Croatia
OKTAVIJA ĐAKOVIĆ RODE
orcid.org/0000-0001-8023-4314
; Dr. Fran Mihaljević University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Medical Virology, Zagreb and University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Borrelia (B.) miyamotoi belongs to the group of relapsing fever borrelia and is transmitted by the same ticks (Ixodidae) as Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia species and tick-borne fl aviviruses. B. miyamotoi was detected in small rodents in Croatia. In Europe, B. miyamotoi infections are not common, and mainly present as febrile illness with chills, sweats, headache, fatigue, myalgias and arthralgias. In immunocompromised patients, the disease may be severe with meningoencephalitis. B. miyamotoi diseases have been diagnosed with molecular methods after excluding other tick-borne diseases. Serological assays based on recombinant B. miyamotoi GlpQ protein used in published serological studies are not commercially available. After detailed clinical and microbiological evaluation, the possible B. miyamotoi infection in Croatia can be diagnosed with in-house methods. Borrelia (B.) mayonii has only been detected among few patients and Ixodes scapularis ticks in the United States so far. There is no evidence for B. mayonii in Europe. Patients with B. mayonii infection had febrile illness with rash and probable neurological symptoms. The diagnosis of B. mayonii infection was defi ned by detection of spirochetes in peripheral blood with culture isolation, microscopic smears, and polymerase chain reaction method. Serological tests for B. mayonii are not commercially available. Treatment recommendations for B. miyamotoi and B. mayonii infections are based on the published case reports and recommendations for treatment of Lyme disease. After antimicrobial treatment, all patients recovered without complications.
Keywords
Borrelia miyamotoi; Borrelia mayonii; Ixodes spp. ticks; relapsing fever; Lyme borreliosis; Croatia
Hrčak ID:
224706
URI
Publication date:
6.9.2019.
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