Veterinarska stanica, Vol. 51 No. 3, 2020.
Professional paper
https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.3.10
Historical overview of the Croatian veterinary profession from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, with special reference to the incidence of infectious diseases in domestic animals
Petar Džaja
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb, Croatia
Sonja Sinković
; Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
Magdalena Palić
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Krešimir Severin
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Within the present day territory of the Republic of Croatia, laws have been in place on the central Dalmatian islands and cities since the 13th century regulating daily life in the community and human relations towards animals. In the 18th century, here and elsewhere in Europe, infectious diseases of domestic animals decimated the livestock fund, particularly cattle. Bovine plague, anthrax, fasciolosis, rabies, foot and mouth diseases, malleus and other diseases incurred great damages to animal husbandry, which has been one of the most important preconditions for the survival of human communities. Since 1770, medical doctors were also responsible for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in domestic animals. In this regard, the main role was held by the deputy county prefect, and at that time, judges were government officials. Thus, in cases of a high incidence of infectious animal disease, field inspections were performed by a higher and lower judge, who had to be accompanied by a medical doctor or surgeon. Beginning in 1771, all districts appointed a commissar, who performed field inspections and reported the findings to the sanitary commission. For individual infectious diseases of domestic animal terms in Latin were used, such as: Lues animalium, Lues pecoris, Lues mali, Lues pecoris grassanti, Pulmonum exsccationis, Contagion, Morbus bovi, Animalium infectionem, Vulkgo metily etc. However, German terms were most frequently used, such as Viehseuche.
Keywords
Middle Age; infections diseases of domestic animals; veterinary profession; history
Hrčak ID:
237802
URI
Publication date:
18.5.2020.
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