Acta clinica Croatica, Vol. 59. No. 2., 2020.
Review article
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2020.59.02.16
Common Allergies and Allergens in Oral and Perioral Diseases
Liborija Lugović-Mihić
orcid.org/0000-0001-7494-5742
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivana Ilić
; Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Jozo Budimir
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Nives Pondeljak
orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1702
; Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Marinka Mravak Stipetić
; Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Allergic reactions sometimes participate in the development of perioral and oral diseases, indicating the need for appropriate allergen assessment. This review discusses current knowledge on the potential allergic reactions to different dental materials in patients with oral and perioral diseases. Aside from allergies to various dental materials, similar non-allergic, non-immune contact reactions (irritant or toxic) can occur. Among dental materials, the most frequent allergens are alloys,
followed by rubber materials, polymers and acrylates. Allergic reactions to dental alloys that contain nickel, cobalt and amalgam are especially frequent since dentists use them for prosthetic and other restorations. There is a broad spectrum of clinical presentations of oral and perioral diseases possibly related to allergies, such as lichenoid reactions, cheilitis, perioral dermatitis, burning sensations, etc. Despite some limitations, patch test is crucial in the diagnosis and recognition of causative allergens because it reveals contact allergies, and is still superior in differentiating allergic and irritant contact reactions. It is important to examine patient medical histories (e.g., occurrence of symptoms after dental therapy or food consumption), and in consultation with their dentist, carry out allergy tests to specific dental allergens which are used or planned to be used in subsequent treatment.
Keywords
Allergy; Burning mouth syndrome; Cheilitis; Gingivostomatitis; Oral lichenoid reactions; Patch test
Hrčak ID:
243691
URI
Publication date:
1.6.2020.
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