Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.37797/ig.40.2.2
Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection: preliminary results of six serology tests
Tatjana Vilibić-Čavlek
orcid.org/0000-0002-1877-5547
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Vladimir Stevanović
; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Irena Tabain
orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-522X
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Ljiljana Perić
; Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Dario Sabadi
; Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Željka Hruškar
orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-1773
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Ljiljana Milašinić
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Ljiljana Antolašić
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Maja Bogdanić
; Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Vladimir Savić
orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-5346
; Poultry Center, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
Ljubo Barbić
; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
The most important use of serology in the COVID-19 diagnostics is for determination the extent of disease in the population. However, immunoassays could represent an additional diagnostic method, especially in patients with exposure history and clinical symptoms compatible with COVID-19 who failed to be confirmed by RT-PCR. We analyzed the preliminary results of six serology tests for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Three point-of-care lateral flow chromatographic immunoassays (POC): ACRO, AMP and ENCODE and three enzyme immunoassays (ELISA): DiaPro, Vircell and Euroimmun were used. A total of 15 serum samples from COVID-19 patients and 15 serum samples from asymptomatic persons were tested. Time of sampling for COVID-19 patients was 4 – 10 days (N=4), 11 – 19 days (N=6) and 20 – 34 days (N=5) after disease onset. Initially reactive results were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). In COVID-19 patients (N=15), IgM/IgA positive detection rates were 9/60.0% (ACRO), 11/73.3% (AMP, ENCODE, Euroimmun), 12/80.0% (DiaPro) and 13/86.6% (Vircell). Overall IgG detection rates were 10//66.6% (AMP, Euroimmun) and 11/73.3% (other tests). According to the sampling time, positive detection rates were as follows: a) days 4 – 10: 1/25.0% and 2/50.0% (IgM/IgA and IgG); b) days 11 –19: 4/66.6%-6/100% (IgM/IgA), 4/66.6% and 5/83.3% (IgG); c) days 20 – 34: 4/80.0% and 5/100% (IgM/IgA), 5/100% (IgG). One asymptomatic participant tested IgM/IgA positive using ACRO, DiaPro and Vircell was confirmed seropositive using a VNT. In a group of asymptomatic persons detected seronegative using a VNT (N=14), IgM/IgA negative detection rates were 12/85.7% (ACRO), 13/92.8% (DiaPro, Vircell) and 14/100% (AMP, ENCODE, Euroimmun). IgG negative detection rates were 13/92.8% (ACRO) and 14/100% (other tests). ELISA tests showed a higher overall IgM/IgA sensitivity compared to POC tests in patients with COVID-19, while the IgG sensitivity was similar in both POC and ELISA.
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; serology; point-of-care tests; ELISA
Hrčak ID:
245995
URI
Publication date:
12.11.2020.
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