Review article

https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2021.60.03.22

Association between Periodontitis and Liver Disease

Goran Rinčić ; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Petar Gaćina ; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Lucija Virović Jukić ; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
Nives Rinčić ; Department of Periodontology, Zagreb Dental Policlinic, Zagreb, Croatia
Darko Božić ; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Badovinac ; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

Recent clinical and scientific evidence confirms the negative impact of long-term
periodontitis on the clinical course and progression of various liver diseases. Periodontitis is a chronic,
slow-progressing infectious disease of the tooth supporting tissues caused mainly by the gram-negative
bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia,
Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia. These specific pathogens can be easily translocated from
oral cavity to the intestine. Disruption of the intestine microbiota composition by orally derived periodontal
pathogenic bacteria has recently been suggested to be a causal mechanism between periodontitis
and liver disease. Furthermore, both diseases have the ability to induce an inflammatory response
and lead to the creation of inflammatory mediators through which they may influence each other.
Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that individuals with liver cirrhosis have considerably
poorer periodontal clinical parameters than those without cirrhosis. Periodontal therapy in cirrhosis
patients favorably modulates oral and gut microbiome, the course of systemic inflammation,
cirrhosis prognostic factors, and cognitive function. Therefore, future clinical researches should be focused
on detailed examination of the biological mechanisms, strength and direction of the association
between advanced liver disease and periodontitis.

Keywords

Inflammation; Liver diseases; Oral health; Periodontitis

Hrčak ID:

271676

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/271676

Publication date:

1.9.2021.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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