Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.d9.0389
Water Quality Simulation and Dissolved Oxygen Change Scenarios in Lam Takhong River in Thailand
Chau Ngoc Tran
; Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand // Faculty of Engineering – Technology – Environment, An Giang University, An Giang, Vietnam Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Chatpet Yossapol
; Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Netnapid Tantemsapya
; Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Preeyaphorn Kosa
; Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Phatsakrit Kongkhiaw
; Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) in Lam Takhong River gradually reaches zero value during the dry season on several occasions in the past decade causing the unsuitable quality for use as the raw water for Nakhon Ratchasima Town. Discharges of point sources and diffuse sources containing pollutants with organics and nutrients are the major cause of water quality deterioration in the river. To find the sources of impact on the water quality in the river, a one- dimensional steady-flow systems river water quality model, QUAL2Kw, was constructed and simulated. The model was calibrated and validated using the water quality data from 2008 to 2017 for the Lam Takhong River by seven monitoring stations. The modelling was applied to simulate various water quality parameters during the critical period to compare to the designated surface water quality criteria third class in Thailand (minimum dissolved oxygen at or above 4 mg/L; maximum biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate-nitrogen, and ammonia-nitrogen at or below 2.0, 5.0 and 0.5 mg/L, respectively). The study reach of the river flows 122 km from Lam Takhong Dam to the Mun River at Chaloem Phra Kiat district through the urban central area. Several segments of the river have been alarmed for many constituents with the dissolved oxygen impairment is the focus of the study. The scenarios of loads and upstream dissolved oxygen modification were conducted to assess the change of dissolved oxygen concentration. The result of the QUAL2Kw model showed that the decomposition of organic matter and a poor reaeration were the primary cause of the impairment. The local oxygenation causes fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels along the river and the dissolved oxygen concentration decreases downstream of the river with some values fell the meet the fourth class of surface water quality criteria in Thailand (DO above 2 mg/L and BOD5<4 mg/L). The QUAL2Kw model is suitable for simulating the current and future river water quality and help water resources managers to issue the appropriate policy options for the Lam Takhong River.
Keywords
Water quality model; QUAL2K; QUAL2Kw; Lam Takhong; Diffuse resources; Point source
Hrčak ID:
274928
URI
Publication date:
31.3.2022.
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