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Glasnik Zaštite Bilja, Vol. 44. No. 4., 2021.

Review article

https://doi.org/10.31727/gzb.44.4.1

Grasslands as a source of forage

Marcela Andreata-Koren ; Visoko gospodarsko učilište u Križevcima, Hrvatska

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Abstract

The paper presents the types of grassland on which forage is produced for feeding domestic animals and their potentials in terms of quantity and quality of forage. Grass forage production can be divided into forage produced on permanent grasslands and on arable land (sown grasslands). Croatia's permanent grasslands are rich in plant species, they were formed mainly by self-seeding after deforestation or burning of forests, or they are areas on which a grassland was once sawn. They have extremely different floristic composition which is conditioned by the development in different habitats and the influence of man who shapes them by his actions (mowing, grazing and different types and levels of reclamation and agrotechnical measures). Yields and forage quality vary considerably, depending on whether they are developed on wetland, lowland / valley, hilly and mountain grasslands. The best quality forage is on lowland grasslands. On the other hand, sown grasslands are based on sowing a small number of quality and productive plant species that are suitable for a particular habitat with the application of appropriate agrotechnical measures and methods of use, and thus have the potential to create higher yields of quality plant mass. In conclusion, it can be said that perennial grasslands in Croatia have different floristic composition, and thus productivity and quality of forage, often with poor quality and even some harmful plant species, but some of them develop different medicinal and aromatic plant species that can give specificity to livestock products. Sown grasslands have the potential to achieve high yields of quality forage, poor in biodiversity.

Keywords

permanent grasslands; sown grasslands; habitat; forage; quantity; quality

Hrčak ID:

261284

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/261284

Publication date:

15.7.2021.

Article data in other languages: croatian

Visits: 1.466 *

License (open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/):

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

License (open-access):

Ovo je članak s otvorenim pristupom distribuiran pod uvjetima licence Creative Commons Attribution, koji dopušta neograničenu upotrebu, distribuciju i reprodukciju u bilo kojem mediju, pod uvjetom da se izvorno djelo pravilno citira.

License (open-access):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Date received: 12 June 2021

Date accepted: 30 June 2021

Publication date: 14 August 2021

Volume: 44

Issue: 4

Pages: 4-11

DOI: 10.31727/gzb.44.4.1

Article Information (continued)

Categories:

Subject: Pregledni rad

Categories:

Subject: Review-article

Keywords:

Keyword: trajni travnjaci

Keyword: sijani travnjaci

Keyword: stanište

Keyword: krma

Keyword: količina

Keyword: kvaliteta

Keywords:

Keyword: permanent grasslands

Keyword: sown grasslands

Keyword: habitat

Keyword: forage

Keyword: quantity

Keyword: quality

Travnjaci kao izvor krme

Translated Title (en): Grasslands as a source of forage

Marcela Andreata-Koren[1]

Email: mkoren@vguk.hr

 

[1] Visoko gospodarsko učilište u Križevcima, Hrvatska

Abstract

U radu su prikazane vrste travnjačkih površina na kojima se proizvodi krma za hranidbu domaćih životinja te njihovi potencijali što se tiče količine i kvalitete krme. Proizvodnja travnjačke krme može se podijeliti na krmu proizvedenu na trajnim travnjacima i sijanim travnjacima. Trajni travnjaci Hrvatske obiluju biljnim vrstama, nastali su uglavnom samozasijavanjem nakon krčenja ili paljenja šuma ili su to površine na kojima je nekad davno zasnovan travnjak. Imaju izrazito različiti floristički sastav što je uvjetovano razvojem na različitim staništima i utjecajem čovjeka koji ih oblikuje svojim djelovanjem (košnja, napasivanje i različita vrsta i razina meliorativnih i agrotehničkih mjera). Prinosi i kvaliteta krme znatno variraju, ovisno razvijaju li se na močvarnim, nizinsko/dolinskim, brdskim i planinskim travnjacima. Najkvalitetnija krma je na nizinskim travnjacima. S druge strane, sijani travnjaci zasnivaju se sjetvom manjeg broja kvalitetnih i produktivnih biljnih vrsta koje su pogodne za određeno stanište uz primjenu odgovarajućih agrotehničkih mjera i načina korištenja, a samim time imaju potencijal za stvaranje većih prinosa kvalitetne biljne mase. Zaključno se može reći da su trajni travnjaci Hrvatske različitog florističkog sastava, a time i produktivnosti i kvalitete krme, često s nekvalitetnim pa i škodljivim biljnim vrstama, ali se na pojedinima razvijaju i različite ljekovite i aromatske biljne vrste koje mogu dati specifičnost stočnim proizvodima. Sijani travnjaci imaju potencijal postizanja visokih prinosa kvalitetne krme, oskudne su biološke raznolikosti.

Translated Abstract

The paper presents the types of grassland on which forage is produced for feeding domestic animals and their potentials in terms of quantity and quality of forage. Grass forage production can be divided into forage produced on permanent grasslands and on arable land (sown grasslands). Croatia's permanent grasslands are rich in plant species, they were formed mainly by self-seeding after deforestation or burning of forests, or they are areas on which a grassland was once sawn. They have extremely different floristic composition which is conditioned by the development in different habitats and the influence of man who shapes them by his actions (mowing, grazing and different types and levels of reclamation and agrotechnical measures). Yields and forage quality vary considerably, depending on whether they are developed on wetland, lowland / valley, hilly and mountain grasslands. The best quality forage is on lowland grasslands. On the other hand, sown grasslands are based on sowing a small number of quality and productive plant species that are suitable for a particular habitat with the application of appropriate agrotechnical measures and methods of use, and thus have the potential to create higher yields of quality plant mass. In conclusion, it can be said that perennial grasslands in Croatia have different floristic composition, and thus productivity and quality of forage, often with poor quality and even some harmful plant species, but some of them develop different medicinal and aromatic plant species that can give specificity to livestock products. Sown grasslands have the potential to achieve high yields of quality forage, poor in biodiversity.

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