Review article
https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.147.11-12.6
Production of broadleaves forest planting material in the Republic of Croatia from 2017 to 2021
Martina Đodan
; Zavod za uzgajanje šuma, Hrvatski šumarski institut, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Hrvatska
Robert Bogdanić
orcid.org/0009-0003-9915-6514
; Zavod za ekologiju šuma, Hrvatski šumarski institut, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko
Marija Gradečki Poštenjak
; Zavod za uzgajanje šuma, Hrvatski šumarski institut, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Hrvatska
Sanja Perić
; Hrvatski šumarski institut, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Hrvatska
Abstract
Analysis of nursery production contributes to better planning of production and silvicultural activities. Availability of planting material is crucial for many actors in forestry science and practice. According to Law on forest reproductive material Croatian Forest Research Institute conducts expert supervision and collects data on production programme and process for every nursery in Croatia (Figure 1). This enabled statistical analysis of total amounts of planting material production per nursery, ownership and tree species in recent five-year period. Comprehensive ovierviews and analysis of nursery production are limited for the last three decades, while there is also a lack o recent scientific publications and activities dealing with nursery production issues in Croatia. Aims of this paper are: (1) to give a production overview according to tree species, ownership and nursery, (II) to determine if amount and production programme is harmonised with growing needs of practical forestry and recent international scientific knowledge, (III) to give general guidelines for planning of production programmes for broadleaves in Croatia. Nursery production data used for production analysis is part of electronic database, which was established (based on expert supervision documentation) in period 2009-2011 by Đodan and Perić. Croatian Forests Ltd. are sigle producer of forest planting material in Croatia. Figure 2 gives overview of the size of nurseries in Croatia. Production of broadleaves planting material in respected period drops, while more detailed insight of production per nursery points to Cernik, Limbuš, Oštarije, Zdenački gaj and Višnjevac as the biggest producer in Croatia (Figure 3). Total broadeleaves production in five year period spannes from 12.373.091 pcs. (2021) to 21.654.920 pcs. (2019) (Table 1), with slight drop. Total production of Quercus spp. in respected period amounts to 62.245.950 pcs., while pedunculate and sessile oak participate in total oak production with 98,49% share. Other oaks in production are Quercus pubescens Willd., Quercus cerris L. and Quercus ilex L. In the same period total of 12.574.160 of Narrowed leaved ash was produced, with continuous annual increase. In 2021, due to significant dieback of transplanted ash seedlings (during restoration activities) Croatian Forests Ltd. limit and then stop ash production. Share of European beech varies (from 5,5% in 2018 to 13,8% in 2017) and with its total production of 7.505.337 seedlings takes forth place in braodleaves production. Conducted analysis showed predominance of small nuber of tree species in production (pedunculate oak, sessile oak, common beach and narrow-leaved ash), which points to the conclusion that natural regeneration is strongly dependant on nursery production. Only small share (less than 5 %) of other tree species is represented in production. Share of forest fruits, non native tree species (even highly productive and more resistant then domestic ones), pioneer species (used for growing needs of forest restoration) is relatively low. Importance of quality forest seed as prerequisite of successful nursery production is high, as well as importance of selection of apporpriate provenances and feature of forest planting material. Nursery production programmes need to be harmonised with real needs in practical forestry. Nevertheless, there is even stronger need of setting quality, multi-year nursery production plans, which will include a strong response to forthcoming challenges and threats, reduce risks in practical forestry and take into account international (scientific and expert) efforts, actual EU policies and growing needs of forestry and other sectors.
Keywords
Hrčak ID:
311443
URI
Publication date:
15.12.2023.
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