Map Projections and New Developments in Cartography:

The workshop "Map Projections and New Developments in Cartography" was organized by the Croatian Cartographic Society, the Agency for Education and the Faculty of Geodesy of the University of Zagreb. The workshop was intended for elementary and high school teachers and all those who wanted to refresh and expand their knowledge of cartography.

It has been observed that knowledge and skills learned in university are forgotten over time. This also applies to map projections. In addition, some presumptions from the theory of map projections have changed, new projections appear, such as, for instance, the web-Mercator projection. The main purpose of this workshop was to refresh the knowledge of cartography with special emphasis on a new approach, new knowledge and new map projections.

The idea for this workshop came from the Croatian Cartographic Society (CCS), whose goals include organizing lectures and workshops for all ages and including geodetic secondary schools. This idea was accepted by Prof. Damir Medak PhD, vice dean for science and international cooperation at the Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb. Apart from him, Sonja Burčar, professor and higher advisor at the Agency for Education (AZOO), responded positively to the invitation to participate.

The workshop was included in the professional training programme for teachers of the Agency for Education and in the professional training programme for chartered geodetic engineers, which is implemented by the Croatian Chamber of Chartered Geodetic Engineers.

Registration for the workshop was made possible through the CCS website www.kartografija.hr and the AZOO website (http://ettaedu.azoo.hr/). A total of 330 people registered, and 230 actually participated. Participation was free for teachers.

A detailed programme of the workshop together with presentations in PDF and video recordings is available on the Internet at www.kartografija.hr.

The workshop started at 9:00 am, with opening word by Damir Medak, Sonja Burčar and Miljenko Lapaine. This programme followed:

After a short discussion, the workshop ended at 5:00 pm.

Prior knowledge exam on map projections

Before the workshop, all those who registered were sent an invitation to participate in the prior knowledge test on map projections. The test was created using Google Forms; it was anonymous and optional, and it consisted of seven questions. Three answers were offered to each question: True, False, I can't decide. Answers were given by 101 respondents.

1st question

The surface of a rotating ellipsoid or sphere (Earth) can be projected, i.e. mapped:

Answer:

The correct answer is False because this is an outdated and contrived approach to map projections. All map projections are mappings on a plane that does not stand in any special position in relation to the Earth. A large number of respondents (91%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

2nd question

With regard to the mapping surface, projections can be:

Answer:

The correct answer is False, because in principle map projections are mappings onto a plane and there are no other mapping surfaces other than the plane. Projections are called cylindrical because a map made in such a projection can be folded into a cylindrical surface. Projections are called conical because a map made in such a projection can be folded into a conical surface. A large number of respondents (89%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

3rd question

The image shown interprets the cylindrical projection as a mapping onto a cylindrical surface.

Answer:

The correct answer is False, because in principle map projections are mapping onto a plane and there are no other mapping surfaces other than the plane. In addition, the attempt to interpret a cylindrical projection as a central projection on a cylindrical surface can only confuse students, because familiar cylindrical projections such as the simple cylindrical, Mercator, Lambert equivalent projections etc. cannot be interpreted this way. A large number of respondents (85%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

4th question

The same as the 3rd question, only it refers to the transverse cylindrical projection.

Answer:

The correct answer is False, because in principle map projections are mappings onto a plane and there are no other mapping surfaces other than the plane. In addition, the attempt to interpret the transverse cylindrical projection as a central projection on a cylindrical surface can only confuse the students, because this way it is not possible to interpret the known transverse cylindrical projections such as the Gauss-Krüger or the transverse Mercator projection, the first of which was, while the second is the official map projection in Croatia. The introduction of the terms tangential meridian and probably unconsciously elliptical cylinder is completely unnecessary, does not correspond to reality and does not exist in the mentioned projections. A large number of respondents (84%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

5th question

Same as questions 3 and 4, only related to conic projections.

Answer:

The correct answer is False, because in principle map projections are mappings onto a plane and there are no other mapping surfaces other than the plane. In addition, the attempt to interpret the conic projection as a central projection on a conical surface can only confuse the students, because this way it is not possible to interpret the known conic projections such as Lambert's conical projection for instance, which is one of the official projections in Croatia. A large number of respondents (91%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

6th question

The transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger) -TM for Croatia: Croatia is mapped onto a cylinder, which touches the ellipsoid along the 16°30' meridian and has one zone with a width of 6°. The projection is transverse cylindrical, conformal, the central meridian is mapped in the right size or the scale along it is constant.

Answer:

The correct answer is False for several reasons. The official name of the projection is HTRS96/TM. Croatia is not mapped onto a cylinder, but on a plane. There is no tangential meridian. There is no zone. If the central meridian were to be mapped in the right size or so that the scale along it is constant, such a projection would then not be unambiguously determined. A large number of respondents (79%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

7th question

Is the following description correct or not: A geodetic map (geodetski plan) is a non-distorted representation of a smaller part of the Earth's surface and the details that are found on that land at a certain scale.

Answer:

The correct answer is False, because every map is a distorted representation. 200 years ago, the famous mathematician Leonhard Euler proved that a curved surface cannot be mapped onto a plane without distortion. If the distortions are small enough, they can perhaps be ignored, but this does not mean that they are not there. A large number of respondents (84%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

Based on the results of the prior knowledge exam on map projections, we can conclude that it is really poor and that it should be refreshed and supplemented. Perhaps this workshop will contribute to that.

Knowledge exam after the workshop

A few days after the workshop, an invitation to a knowledge exam was sent to all those who participated. The purpose of that exam was to control the knowledge acquired at the workshop. It should help the respondents to assess their own knowledge of the subject and give the organizers an assessment of the work done and guidelines for the future. The questions did not only refer to map projections. An effort was made to cover all the topics covered in the workshop. The test was created using Google Forms; it was optional, but it was not anonymous. In fact, CCS decided to reward two respondents who achieved at least 75% of the correct answers. The prize is a 50% discount on the registration fee for participation in the next conference organized by CCS. The exam consisted of 16 questions. Answers were given by 37 respondents.

1st question

The body in charge of official topographic maps in Croatia is:

Answer:

The correct answer is the State Geodetic Administration. This is the only question to which all respondents gave the correct answer.

2nd question

To create a thematic map, knowledge of map projections is required. Three answers were offered to this and all other questions: Yes, No, Maybe.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. Every map projection brings with it some distortions. These are, for example, distortions of surfaces, angles or lengths. A map created using an inappropriate map projection can give the user a completely wrong message. 38% of the respondents are not aware of this.

3rd question

Cartographic literacy implies knowledge of the basics of map projections.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. Ignorance of the basics of map projections means the impossibility of noticing and taking into account the distortions that are inherent in every map projection. This inevitably leads to misinterpretation of the maps. 14% of the respondents are not aware of this.

4th question

A geodetic map is a non-distorted representation of a smaller part of the Earth's surface and the details that are found on that land at a certain scale.

Answer:

The correct answer is No. This question was repeated from the prior knowledge exam. Every map is a distorted representation, which was proved 200 years ago by the famous mathematician Leonhard Euler. If the distortions are small enough, they can perhaps be ignored, but this does not mean that they are not there. Even after the workshop, a large number of respondents (57%) do not know this and did not provide the correct answer.

5th question

Depending on the surface into which the map can be folded, projections can be cylindrical or conical.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes, and 67% of the respondents answered that way. The remaining 33% did not follow the workshop carefully enough.

6th question

DBMS is an abbreviation for Database Management System.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes, and 97% of the respondents answered that way. That was obviously one of the easier questions.

7th question

Redundancy in technology is the lack of identical components in a complex system.

Answer:

The correct answer is No, because redundancy in technology is an excess of identical components in a complex system. 19% of the respondents did not know this.

8th question

Geoinformation is information related to the location on the Earth's surface, either below or above it.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. However, 27 % of the respondents did not answer this way.

9th question

Lidar is used to create high-resolution maps and is applied in geodesy, geography, geology, archaeology and other fields.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. However, 24% of the respondents did not answer this way.

10th question

There is no difference between augmented reality and virtual reality.

Answer:

The correct answer is No; augmented and virtual reality are two different terms, as we were able to learn in the workshop. However, 16% of the respondents did not answer this way.

11th question

Vuforia is software for mobile devices that enables the creation of augmented reality displays.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. 87% of the respondents knew this.

12th question

Creative Commons is not a copyright licensing system.

Answer:

The correct answer is No because Creative Commons is a copyright licensing system. 81% of the respondents knew this.

13th question

OpenStreetMap consists of open data: it can be freely used for any purpose as long as OpenStreetMap and its collaborators are cited as the source of the data.

Answer:

The correct answer is Yes. 87% of the respondents knew this.

14th question

Google Maps is a map that is not created in the web-Mercator projection.

Answer:

The correct answer is No because Google Maps is a map created in the web-Mercator projection. Only 62% of the respondents knew this.

15th question

The Mercator projection is very suitable for making world maps.

Answer:

The correct answer is No, because no cylindrical projection, including the Mercator projection, is suitable for a world map. Only 60% of the respondents knew this.

16th question

Write what was not good at the workshop? Which cartographic topic would you like to learn more about? It was an open-ended question; no answers were offered; instead every respondent could write what they wanted. We present all the answers.

Answers:

The workshop was excellent. Many thanks for the opportunity to supplement my knowledge of cartography, which will be very useful in my work with students. I also discovered some new topics that will be interesting to my students in extra classes.

The lowest result was 47% correct answers, the best was 100%, and the average value was 73%. Since the questions were relatively easy, we should not be satisfied with the achieved results. We congratulate our colleagues Brankica Malić, Martina Jelinić and Andreja Miletić, who gave all the correct answers and thus won the CCS award.

Evaluation of the 2022 Workshop "Map Projections and New Developments in Cartography"

Professor Sonja Burčar, senior adviser from AZOO prepared these five questions:

112 people answered the questions. The answers were anonymous.

Answers:

Conclusion

Given that this was the first workshop on cartography intended primarily for elementary and high school teachers, we can be satisfied with the response and good grades. Based on the conducted surveys and knowledge tests, we will strive to make the next workshops even better. We will achieve this by respecting the opinions of the participants:

Radionicu „Kartografske projekcije i novosti u kartografiji“ organizirali su Hrvatsko kartografsko društvo, Agencije za odgoj i obrazovanje i Geodetski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Radionica je bila namijenjena učiteljima, nastavnicima i svima onima koji su željeli obnoviti i proširiti svoja znanja iz kartografije.

Uočeno je da se s vremenom zaboravljaju znanja i vještine naučene tijekom studiranja. To se odnosi i na kartografske projekcije. Osim toga, neke postavke iz teorije kartografskih projekcija su se promijenile, pojavljuju se nove projekcije, kao što je npr. web-Mercatorova projekcija. Osnovna svrha ove radionice bila je osvježiti znanja iz kartografije s posebnim naglaskom na novi pristup, nova saznanja i nove kartografske projekcije.

Ideja za ovu radionicu došla je iz Hrvatskoga kartografskog društva (HKD) kojem su ciljevi između ostalih organizirati predavanja i radionice za sve uzraste te uključiti srednje geodetske škole. Tu ideju prihvatio je prof. dr. sc. Damir Medak, prodekan za znanost i međunarodnu surdanju na Geodetskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Osim njega, na poziv za sudjelovanje pozitivno je odgovorila Sonja Burčar, profesorica i savjetnica u Agenciji za odgoj i obrazovanje (AZOO).

Radionica je uvrštena u program stručnog usavršavanja nastavnika i učitelja Agencije za odgoj i obrazovanje te u program stručnog usavršavanja ovlaštenih inženjera geodezije koji provodi Hrvatska komora ovlaštenih inženjera geodezije.

Prijave za radionicu bile su omogućena putem web-stranice HKD-a www.kartografija.hr i web-stranice AZOO-a (http://ettaedu.azoo.hr/). Prijavilo se ukupno 330 osoba, a stvarno sudjelovalo 230. Za učitelje i nastavnike sudjelovanje je bilo besplatno.

Detaljan program radionice zajedno s prezentacijama u PDF-u i video snimkama dosupan je na internetu na adresi www.kartografija.hr

Radionica je počela u 9:00 sati, pozdravima Damira Medaka, Sonje Burčar i Miljenka Lapainea. Slijedio je ovaj program:

Nakon kraće diskusije radionica je završila u 17:00 sati.

Ispit predznanja o kartografskim projekcijama

Prije radionice svima prijavljenima poslan je poziv za sudjelovanje na ispitu predznanja iz kartografskih projekcija. Ispit je bio izrađen s pomoću Google Formsa, bio je anoniman i neobavezan, a sastojao se od sedam pitanja. Na svako pitanje bila su ponuđena tri odgovora: Točno, Netočno i Ne mogu se odlučiti. Odgovore je dao 101 ispitanik.

1. pitanje

Ploha rotacijskog elipsoida ili sfere (Zemlja) može se projicirati tj. preslikati:

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer je to zastarjeli i izmišljeni pristup kartografskim projekcijama. Sve kartografske projekcije su preslikavanja u ravninu koja ne stoji ni u kakvom posebnom položaju u odnosu na Zemlju. Velik broj ispitanika (91%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

2. pitanje

S obzirom na plohu preslikavanja projekcije mogu biti:

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer u načelu kartografske projekcije su preslikavanja u ravninu i nema drugih ploha preslikavanja osim ravnine. Projekcije se zovu cilindrične jer se karta izrađena u takvoj projekciji može saviti u cilindričnu plohu. Projekcije se zovu konusne jer se karta izrađena u takvoj projekciji može saviti u konusnu plohu. Velik broj ispitanika (89%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

3. pitanje

Prikazana je slika kojom se tumači cilindrična projekcija kao centralna projekcija na plašt valjka.

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer u načelu kartografske projekcije su preslikavanja u ravninu i nema drugih ploha preslikavanja osim ravnine. Osim toga, pokušaj da se cilindrična projekcija protumači kao centralna projekcija na cilindričnu plohu može samo zbuniti učenike jer se na taj način ne mogu protumačiti poznate cilindrične projekcije kao što su jednostavna cilindrična, Mercatorova, Lambertova ekvivalentna, itd. Velik broj ispitanika (85%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

4. pitanje

Isto kao 3. pitanje, samo se odnosi na poprečnu cilindričnu projekciju.

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer u načelu kartografske projekcije su preslikavanja u ravninu i nema drugih ploha preslikavanja osim ravnine. Osim toga, pokušaj da se poprečna cilindrična projekcija protumači kao centralna projekcija na cilindričnu plohu može samo zbuniti učenike jer se na taj način ne mogu protumačiti poznate poprečne cilindrične projekcije kao što su Gauss-Krügerova ili poprečna Mercatorova projekcija od kojih je prva bila, a druga jest službena kartografska projekcija u Hrvatskoj. Uvođenje pojmova dodirni meridijan i vjerojatno nesvjesno eliptički cilindar poptuno je nepotrebno, ne odgovara stvarnosti i ne postoji u navedenim projekcijama. Velik broj ispitanika (84%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

5. pitanje

Isto kao pitanja 3 i 4, samo se odnosi na konusne projekcije.

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer u načelu kartografske projekcije su preslikavanja u ravninu i nema drugih ploha preslikavanja osim ravnine. Osim toga, pokušaj da se konusna projekcija protumači kao centralna projekcija na konusnu plohu može samo zbuniti učenike jer se na taj način ne mogu protumačiti poznate konusne projekcije kao što je npr. Lambertova konusna projekcija koja je jedna od službenih projekcija u Hrvatskoj. Velik broj ispitanika (91%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

6. pitanje

Je li sljedeći opis točan ili nije: Poprečna Mercatorova (Gauss-Krügerova) -TM za Hrvatsku: Hrvatska je preslikana na jedan valjak, koji dodiruje elipsoid po meridijanu 16°30’ te ima jednu zonu širine 6°. Projekcija je transverzalna (poprečna) cilindrična, konformna, središnji meridijan preslikava se u pravoj veličini ili je mjerilo uzduž njega konstantno.

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno zbog nekoliko razloga. Službeno ime projekcije je HTRS96/TM. Hrvatska nije preslikana na valjak, nego u ravninu. Nema dodirnog meridijana. Nema zone. Kad bi se srednji meridijan preslikao u pravoj veličini ili tako da je mjerilo uzduž njega konstantno, onda takva projekcija ne bi bila jednoznačno određena. Velik broj ispitanika (79%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

7. pitanje

Je li sljedeći opis točan ili nije: Geodetski plan je nedeformirani prikaz manjeg dijela Zemljine površine i detalja koji se na tom zemljištu nalaze u određenom mjerilu.

Odgovor:

Ispravan odgovor je Netočno, jer je svaka karta deformirani prikaz. Prije 200 godina slavni matematičar Leonhard Euler dokazao je da se zakrivljena ploha ne može preslikati u ravninu bez deformacija. Ako su deformacije dovoljno male, možda se mogu zanemariti, no to ne znači da ih nema. Velik broj ispitanika (84%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

Na temelju rezultata s ispita predznanja o kartografskim projekcijama možemo zaključiti da je ono zaista slabo i da bi ga trebalo osvježiti i nadopuniti. Tome će možda pridonijeti i ova radionica.

Ispit znanja nakon radionice

Nekoliko dana nakon radionice svima koji su sudjelovali poslan je poziv na ispit znanja. Svrha tog ispita bila je kontrola usvojenih znanja na radionici. Ispitanicima bi trebala pomoći u procjeni vlastitog poznavanja problematike, a organizatorima dati procjenu obavljenoga posla i smjernice za budućnost. Pitanja se nisu odnosila samo na kartografske projekcije. Nastojalo se obuhvatiti sve teme koje su bile obrađivane na radionici. Ispit je bio izrađen s pomoću Google Formsa, bio je neobavezan, ali nije bio anoniman. Naime, HKD je odlučio nagraditi dva ispitanika koji su postigli barem 75% točnih odgovora. Nagrada je popust od 50% na kotizaciju za sudjelovanje na sljedećoj konferenciji u organizaciji HKD-a. Ispit se sastoajo od 16 pitanja. Odgovore je dalo 37 ispitanika.

1. pitanje

Nadležnost za službene topografske karte u Hrvatskoj ima:

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Državna geodetska uprava. To je jedino pitanje na koje su svi ispitanici dali točan odgovor.

2. pitanje

Za izradu tematske karte potrebno je poznavanje kartografskih projekcija. Na ovo i sva ostala pitanja bila su ponuđena tri odgovora: Da, Ne i Možda.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. Svaka kartografska projekcija sa sobom donosi neke deformacije. To su npr. deformacije površina, kutova ili duljina. Karta izrađena primjenom neprikladne kartografske projekcije može dati korisniku sasvim pogrešnu poruku. Toga nije svjesno 38% ispitanika.

3. pitanje

Kartografska pismenost podrazumijeva poznavanje osnova kartografskih projekcija.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. Nepoznavanje osnova kartografskih projekcija znači nemogućnost uočavanja i uzimanja u obzir deformacija koje su imanentne svakoj kartografskoj projekciji. To neminovno vodi do pogrešne interpretacije prikaza na kartama. Toga nije svjesno 14% ispitanika.

4. pitanje

Geodetski plan je nedeformirani prikaz manjeg dijela Zemljine površine i detalja koji se na tom zemljištu nalaze u određenom mjerilu.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne. To je pitanje ponovljeno iz ispita predznanja. Svaka karta je deformirani prikaz što je dokazao prije 200 godina slavni matematičar Leonhard Euler. Ako su deformacije dovoljno male, možda se mogu zanemariti, no to ne znači da ih nema. Ni nakon radionce velik broj ispitanika (57%) to ne zna i nije dao ispravan odgovor.

5. pitanje

S obzirom na plohu u koju se karta može saviti projekcije mogu biti cilindrične ili konusne.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da i tako je odgovorilo 67% ispitanika. Preostalih 33% nije dovoljno pažljivo pratilo radionicu.

6. pitanje

DBMS je kratica za Database Management System (Sustav za upravljanje bazom podataka).

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da i tako je odgovorilo 97% ispitanika. To je očito bilo jedno od lakših pitanja.

7. pitanje

Redundancija u tehnici je manjak istovrsnih komponenti u nekom složenom sustavu.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne, jer je redundancija u tehnici višak istovrsnih komponenti u nekom složenom sustavu. To ne zna 19% ispitanika.

8. pitanje

Geoinformacije su informacije povezane s njihovim položajem na Zemljinoj površini, ili ispod ili iznad nje.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. Ipak, 27% ispitanika nije tako dogovorilo.

9. pitanje

Lidar se upotrebljava za izradu karata visoke rezolucije i primjenjuje u geodeziji, geografiji, geologiji, arheologiji i drugim područjima.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. Ipak, 24% ispitanika nije tako dogovorilo.

10. pitanje

Proširena stvarnost i virtualna stvarnost se ne razlikuju.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne, proširena i virtualna stvarnost su dva različita pojma o čemu smo mogli naučiti na radionici. Ipak, 16% ispitanika nije tako dogovorilo.

11. pitanje

Vuforia je softver za mobilne uređaje koji omogućuje izradu prikaza s proširenom stvarnošću.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. To je znalo 87% ispitanika.

12. pitanje

Creative Commons nije sustav licenci autorskih prava.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne, jer Creative Commons jest sustav licenci autorskih prava. To je znalo 81% ispitanika.

13. pitanje

OpenStreetMap čine otvoreni podatci: slobodno se mogu koristiti u bilo koju svrhu ako se kao izvor podataka navode OpenStreetMap i njegovi suradnici.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Da. To je znalo 87% ispitanika.

14. pitanje

Google Maps je karta koja nije izrađena u web-Mercatorovoj projekciji.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne, jer je Google Maps karta izrađena u web-Mercatorovoj projekciji. To je znalo samo 62% ispitanika.

15. pitanje

Mercatorova projekcija je vrlo pogodna za izradu karata svijeta.

Odgovor:

Točan odgovor je Ne, jer niti jedna cilindrična projekcija, pa tako ni Mercatorova projekcija, nije pogodna za kartu svijeta. To je znalo samo 60% ispitanika.

16. pitanje

Napišite što nije bilo dobro na radionici? O kojoj kartografskoj temi biste rado saznali nešto više? To je bilo pitanje otvorenoga tipa, nisu bili ponuđeni odgovori, nego je svaki ispitanik mogao napisati što želi. Donosimo sve odgovore.

Odgovori:

Radionica je bila izvrsna. Veliko hvala na prilici da nadopunim svoja znanja iz kartografije koja će mi jako dobro doći u radu s učenicima. Otkrila sam i neke nove teme koje će mojim učenicima biti zanimljive na satovima dodatne nastave.

Najslabiji rezultat bio je 47% točnih odgovora, najbolji 100%, a srednja vrijednost iznosi 73%. Budući da su pitanja bila relativno lagana, ne bismo trebali biti zadovoljni s postignutim rezultatima. Čestitamo kolegicama Brankici Malić, Martini Jelinić i Andreji Miletić koje su dale sve točne odgovore i na taj način osvojile nagradu HKD-a.

Evaluacija skupa „Kartografske projekcije i novosti u kartografiji“ 2022.:

Profesorica Sonja Burčar, viša savjetnica u AZOO-u pripremila je ovih pet pitanja:

Na pitanja je odgovorilo 112 osoba. Odgovori su bili anonimni.

Odgovori:

Zaključak

S obzirom na to da je ovo bila prva radionica o kartografiji namijenjena prvenstveno učiteljima i nastavnicima možemo biti zadovoljni s odazivom i dobrim ocjenama. Na temelju provedenih anketa i ispita znanja nastojat ćemo da iduće radionice budu još bolje. To ćemo postići uvažavajući mišljenja sudionika: