Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/25.3.4196

Formation of quantitative and qualitative parameters of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) after application of stimulating substances

Alexandra ZAPLETALOVÁ orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-1608 ; Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Tomáš VICIAN orcid.org/0009-0000-7400-8513 ; Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic *
Dávid ERNST ; Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Ivan ČERNÝ ; Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Mária VICIANOVÁ ; Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
Rastislav BUŠO orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-7896 ; National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production in Piešťany, Department of Growing Systems, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic

* Corresponding author.

Abstract

A small-plot field experiment with sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was carried out at the research base of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The experimental area is characterized as a warm and dry agroclimatic region with silt loam Haplic Luvisol. The realized field experiment was aimed at evaluating the quantitative and qualitative production parameters in the conditions of differentiated agroecological factors of the environment and the influence of stimulating substances on the formation of the final production. Within the evaluated parameters, a highly significant influence of year (P < 0.01) was confirmed in the formation of thousand seeds weight (TSW), seed yield and the oil content. It was indicated a significant effect of the year (P < 0.05) in the formation of head diameter and a non-significant effect (P > 0.05) in the parameter of number of plants per unit area. Agroecologically more favourable environmental conditions were recorded in 2019, when a higher number of plants (+1 173 pcs/ha; rel. 1.93%), higher head diameter (+14.81 mm; rel. 5.72%), thousand seeds weight (TSW) (+9.84 g; rel. 11.66%), oil content (+2.11%; rel. 4.81%) was indicated. Statistical analysis of the experimental results confirmed a highly significant influence of stimulating substances (P < 0.01) on the parameters of TSW and oil content of sunflower seeds. The experimental data confirmed the non-significant effect of stimulating preparations (P > 0.05) on the formation of the number of plants per unit area, head diameter and seed yield. In the range of applied stimulating substances, the treatment T1 (preparation P1 applied in the phase of 6 – 8 leaves in dose of 0.2 l/ha) was recorded as the most effective treatment, where the highest number of plants (+1 106 pcs/ha; rel. 1.84%), head diameter (+31.17 mm; rel. 13.38%), TSW (+15.60 g; rel. 21.28%), seed yield (+0.43 t/ha; rel. 11.83%) was indicated. The implementation of stimulating substances can be considered as a rationalizing element of the cultivation technology of sunflowers.

Keywords

oil content; stimulating substances; sunflower; yield-forming parameters

Hrčak ID:

320909

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/320909

Publication date:

23.9.2024.

Article data in other languages: slovak

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