Review article

https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2024_321532

Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactic shock

Lea Gvozdanović ; Opća županijska bolnica Našice, Objedinjeni hitni bolnički prijam, Našice, Hrvatska
Željka Dragila ; Klinički bolnički centar Osijek, Objedinjeni hitni bolnički prijam, Osijek, Hrvatska
Mia Hajnal ; Opća bolnica „Dr. Josip Benčević“, Objedinjeni hitni bolnički prijam, Slavonski Brod, Hrvatska
Luka Maršić ; Opća bolnica „Dr. Josip Benčević“, Objedinjeni hitni bolnički prijam, Slavonski Brod, Hrvatska
Ingrid Bošan Kilibarda ; HLZ - Hrvatsko društvo za hitnu medicinu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Marinko Artuković ; Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Asja Stipić Marković ; Specijalna bolnica za plućne bolesti, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Marina Ikić Matijašević ; Klinička bolnica „Sveti Duh“, Klinika za unutarnje bolesti, Zagreb, Hrvatska; Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Medicinski fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Višnja Nesek Adam orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-4136 ; Klinička bolnica „Sveti Duh“, Klinika za anesteziologiju, reanimatologiju i intenzivno liječenje, Zagreb, Hrvatska; Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Fakultet za dentalnu medicinu i zdravstvo Osijek, Osijek, Hrvatska *

* Corresponding author.

Abstract

Anaphylaxis is a sudden, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction with multi-organ manifestations that requires urgent intervention. Globally, there is an observed increase in hospitalizations due to anaphylactic shock, particularly in children. Despite this increase, mortality rates remain stable or even show a tendency to decrease, estimated within the range of 0.5 to 1.0 deaths per million populations. Hypersensitivity reactions occur in response to an allergen, with the most common causes being nutritional allergens, insect bites, and medications. Anaphylactic shock, as the most severe form of anaphylaxis, is characterized by a significant decrease in blood pressure that can lead to circulatory failure. The key to successful treatment is timely recognition of symptoms, cessation of contact with the allergen and rapid application of appropriate medical therapy. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is considered the first and most important drug in the treatment of anaphylactic shock; therefore, its administration must not be delayed. The aim of these clinical guidelines is to present a recommended algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock.

Keywords

anaphylaxis; epinephrine; shock; standards

Hrčak ID:

321532

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/321532

Publication date:

1.12.2024.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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