Transactions of FAMENA, Vol. 48 No. 4, 2024.
Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.21278/TOF.484044722
On Smoke Detector Siting on a Beamed Ceiling
Dejan Ristić
orcid.org/0009-0004-7164-2243
; University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational safety, Serbia
Milan Blagojević
orcid.org/0000-0002-0278-7914
; University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational safety, Serbia
*
Radoje Jevtić
; School of Electrical Engineering "Nikola Tesla", Niš, Serbia
Vladimir Stanković
orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-2502
; University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational safety, Serbia
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
The siting of smoke detectors in fire compartments with ceiling irregularities is one of the problems faced by designers of fire detection systems. This is due to differences or lack of rules within standards pertaining to planning and design of fire detection systems. Concealed spaces formed by beams and joists affect stratification and, consequently, the response of smoke detectors. It is crucial to detect fire as quickly as possible, so the location of a smoke detector beneath the beams or on a structural slab in the cells in-between is not a matter of aesthetics. In most standards used in the world, there are no unique regulations for smoke detector siting on ceilings with parallel or cross-bracing beams or joists. Therefore, there is a problem of determining the optimal distance between detectors and the resulting problem of delayed fire detection. The European standard is mandatory for most countries in Europe, but it does not contain rules that apply to this problem. The investigation presented in this paper is based on a combination of requirements set by different standards for smoke detector siting so as to find a rule that is applicable according to the European standard. A fire compartment and beams subdividing the ceiling with dimensions that affect stratification were chosen for simulations in the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The aim of the investigation is to identify a proper location of smoke detectors in a beamed ceiling as well as the optimal distance between them.
Keywords
smoke detector; stratification; ceiling; parallel beams; simulation; obscuration threshold
Hrčak ID:
321832
URI
Publication date:
20.10.2024.
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