Original scientific paper

The effect of chloramphenicol on hepatic biotransformation enzyme activity and on the duration of pentobarbital or ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

Andreja Prevendar Crnić orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-8831 ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Jelena Pompe-Gotal ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Frane Božić ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Jelena Šuran ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Romel Velev ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University St. Kiril and Metodij, Skopje, Macedonia
Darko Sakar ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

The effect was investigated of chloramphenicol on the activities of hepatic biotransformation enzymes: aniline hydroxylase (Ah) and ethylmorphine N-demethylase (EtND), as well as on the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Moreover, the influence was established of the pre-medication with chloramphenicol on the duration of anesthesia using pentobarbital and ketamine/xylazine guinea pigs. Male guinea pigs, weighing 269-353 g, were subcutaneously (s.c.) treated with 60- and 100 mg chloramphenicol sodium succinate/kg body mass once a day for three days. Thereafter the anesthetics were injected: 30 mg pentobarbital/kg b.m., i.p. in one group and 60 mg ketamine/kg b.m., s.c. + 4 mg xylazine/kg b.m., s.c. in the other group. Treatment with chloramphenicol did not signififi cantly affect the concentration of serum ALT or GLDH. As expected, 100 mg chloramphenicol/kg b.m. significantly decreased the activity of Ah and EtND for -36.1% and -38.6%, respectively. On the other hand, the duration of pentobarbital anaesthesia and ketamine/xylazine-induced anaesthesia in chloramphenicol pre-treated animals was not significantly prolonged. Our results also indicate that decreased enzyme activity in the presence of chloramphenicol did not influence the hepatic metabolism of two tested anaesthetics in guinea pigs, and in contrast to dogs, cats, rats and mice, did not prolong the duration of anaesthesia.

Keywords

chloramphenicol; pentobarbital; ketamine/xylazine; biotransformation; alanine aminotransferase; glutamate dehydrogenase; guinea pig; Cavia porcellus

Hrčak ID:

45598

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/45598

Publication date:

10.7.2009.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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