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PROBLEMS OF ETHNOTHEATROLOGY (Research on Folk Theatre in Croatia)
Ivan Lozica
Sažetak
The paper starts with doubt in existence of folk theatre, in spite of numerous written data on folk representations in the past.
The idea of birth of theatre is replaced by the notion of breeding of theatre: common thesis on birth of theatre from the ritual, game, etc., in some ancient past, is therefore opposed by the thesis of continuous creation of theatre which can be traced even today. Evolution from ritual to theatre is not one-sided - it is a process which can easily be reversed. Evolution does not mean replacing of ritual by the theatre, but rather their interrelations, dynamic coexistence of the representational genres which influence one another. Ethnotheatrology has to be viewed in context of related disciplines and defined
both as a part of folkloristics and as a type of theatrology which deals with folk theatre, folk drama, scenic qualities of customs and rituals, theatrical aspects of folklore in general. Subject of ethnotheatrology is folk representation, continuum
which involves game, ritual, as well as theatrical phenomenon. The nature of this type of research is indispensably interdisciplinary.
Author is very much against simple transfer of division relevant for the written literature (epics, lyrics, drama), to the field of oral literature and oral tradition. As much as written and oral literature are parts of human verbal activity,
theatre (both folk theatre and the other one) is a part of the bigger whole - representation. Representation itself is defined as presentation of the invented reality. It is not always a complete work of art, but exists as an aspect of human behaviour in different spheres of life and combines different levels, forms and genres. This concept enables that folk representation is not any more treated as folk analogy of Theatre, but rather as miscellany of genres and forms within the unit of representation.
Following Bogatyrev and Mukarovsky author tries to discuss the relationship between aesthetic function and other functions of representation. This enables gradation of representations according to the dominant function, starting with theatrical behaviour of an individual, theatrable forms which sometimes only by their function differ from theatre, up to complete theatre performances. Author speaks in favour of classification of representation based on the level of context, elaborating mentioned gradations in representation as its theatrical, theatrable and theatre forms.
The last part of the paper deals with hermeneutics of representation, the role of scholar in folk representation research, and the aims of ethnotheatrology.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
214534
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.5.1993.
Posjeta: 625 *