Suvremena lingvistika, Vol. 36 No. 69, 2010.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
Glottalization and tonogenesis in Athabaskan, Balto–Slavic and Germanic
Frederik Kortlandt
; Leiden
Sažetak
According to my theory of Slavic accentuation, the Balto-Slavic acute was a glottal stop
which developed from the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals and glottalic consonants and
yielded a short rising tone in Late Proto-Slavic. The loss of glottalization took place in
a number of stages. It appears that most of these developments have striking parallels
in Athabaskan.
The rise of distinctive tone in Baltic is quite different from that in Slavic. In West
Baltic (Prussian), glottalization yielded a rising tone on long vowels and diphthongs while
the absence of glottalization is reflected by a falling tone. In East Baltic (Latvian and
Lithuanian), distinctive tone arose from a retraction of the stress which may be compared
with the rise of the independent svarita in Vedic Sanskrit.
Elsewhere I have argued that there was a series of preglottalized stops in Proto-Germanic
and that all obstruents were voiceless here in recent prehistoric times. Preglottalization
has been preserved in British English and in the western dialects of Danish and
is reflected as preaspiration in Icelandic and Faroese and under certain conditions as
gemination in all North and West Germanic languages.
In Central Franconian, there is a distinctive opposition between a falling tone 1 and
a stretched tone 2 that seems to be reversed in a strip of land along the southeastern
border. Phonetically, the Franconian tones strongly resemble the Latvian falling and
stretched tones and the Lithuanian falling and rising tones, respectively. A larger amount
of data from the Central Franconian area would be most welcome.
Ključne riječi
glottal stop; glottalization; tonogenesis; Athabaskan languages; Balto–Slavic languages; Germanic languages
Hrčak ID:
55665
URI
Datum izdavanja:
13.7.2010.
Posjeta: 1.942 *