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https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.18-14
Winching Distance in Function of the Optimization of Skid Network
Darko Ljubojević
; ublic Forest Company "Šume Republike Srpske" a.d. Sokolac, FM "Prijedor", Vožda Karađorđa 4/2, BA-79101 Prijedor, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Milorad Danilović
; University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Viseslava 1, RS-11030 Belgrade, Serbia
Dane Marčeta
orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-6753
; University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Forestry, Stepe Stepanovica 75a, BA-78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vladimir Petković
; University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Forestry, Stepe Stepanovica 75a, BA-78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sažetak
Background and Purpose: Optimisation of skid road network is very important in forest utilisation because transport is considered to be the most expensive part of timber production. Designing forest traffic infrastructure means positioning its location in the forest area using traditional or modern methods. Many factors influence the skidding costs, and winching distance is one of them. The use of modern techniques gives an opportunity to forest practitioners that simulate different network variants and choose the most appropriate ones.
Materials and Methods: The research object is Compartment 27, which belongs to Forest Administration Unit "Prijedor", with the area of 46.72 ha. Investigation is divided into the phase of field work and the phase of designing secondary forest road network variants in the office. Field work includes the traditional and Global Positioning System (GPS) marking of trees for cutting and the creating of Geographic Information System (GIS) database. In relation to spatial distribution of trees for cutting, skid roads and skid trail networks are laid by using the GPS. The new scondary road network is laid in the field and compared with three simulated variants of secondary road network that are laid by ArcGIS 10.3. Secondary road network is planned by using Network Analyst tools and Shortest path method that is based on Dijkstra’s algorithm. These variants are simulated based on different average winching distances of 10, 20 and 30 m.
Results: The area of the compartment is divided into two transportation zones. Total length of the secondary road network designed in the traditional way is 4816 m, thus achieving the secondary openness of 103 m·ha-1. In simulated Variant I, with winch pulling distances of 20 m, the total length of secondary roads is 5590 m with costs of 14352.62 €, in Variant II with winching distance of up to 40 m length of secondary roads it is 3228 m with costs of 7426.78 €, and in Variant III with winch rope length of up to 60 m, the length of roads is 2219 m, with costs of 4400.89 €. The achieved mean skidding distances are relatively similar in all variants. When taking into account the average length of the winch rope, considering all three new-design variants, it can be said that there is almost no difference in productivity and skidding costs.
Conclusions: Mean winching distance has influence on skidding costs, but only in variants where mean skidding distance is decreasing. Smaller winching distance is justified only from the aspect of work humanization. Small differences in skidding costs between variants have no practical significance except for large quantities of wood assortments.
Ključne riječi
skidding; simulation; rope length; Dijkstra algorithm
Hrčak ID:
214119
URI
Datum izdavanja:
22.12.2018.
Posjeta: 850 *