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Nafta i Plin, Vol. 40 No. 166, 2020.

Stručni rad

Alternativni plinovodi za uvoz ruskog plina u Europsku uniju

Ivana Verčević orcid id orcid.org/0000-0002-3953-745X ; Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet
Ivan Smajla ; Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet
Daria Karasalihović-Sedlar orcid id orcid.org/0000-0002-2763-2863 ; Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet

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Sažetak

Ruska Federacija najveći je uvoznik plina u Europsku uniju već dugi niz godina. Nakon rusko – ukrajinskih plinskih sporova oko cijena plina i transportnih naknada, koji su uzrokovali prekide isporuke plina prema Europskoj uniji, pojedine europske zemlje i Rusija su započele s realizacijom novih transportnih pravaca za dobavu prirodnog plina. Donedavno je velik dio ruskog plina namijenjenog Europskoj uniji bio transportiran preko Ukrajine, no pokretanjem projekata izgradnje alternativnih opskrbnih pravaca, transportni tokovi plina se mijenjaju. Od početka 2020. godine većina plina za Europsku uniju se više ne dobavlja preko Ukrajine. U ovom su radu istražena dva plinovoda, Nord Stream i TurkStream, koji predstavljaju alternativne dobavne pravce, kojima se ruski plin uvozi u Europsku uniju zaobilazeći Ukrajinu.

Ključne riječi

Nord Stream; TurkStream; prirodni plin; Europska unija; Rusija; Ukrajina

Hrčak ID:

249937

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/249937

Datum izdavanja:

14.1.2021.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: engleski

Posjeta: 3.263 *

Publication date: 18 January 2021

Volume: 40

Issue: 166.

Pages: 50-57

DOI:

Article Information (continued)

Categories:

Subject: Stručni rad

Categories:

Subject: Professional Paper

Keywords:

Keyword: Nord Stream

Keyword: TurkStream

Keyword: prirodni plin

Keyword: Europska unija

Keyword: Rusija

Keyword: Ukrajina

Keywords:

Keyword: Nord Stream

Keyword: TurkStream

Keyword: natural gas

Keyword: European Union

Keyword: Russia

Keyword: Ukraine

Alternativni plinovodi za uvoz ruskog plina u Europsku uniju

Translated Title (en): Alternative pipelines for Russian gas imports into the European Union

[ORCID] Ivana Verčević[1]

Email: vercevic0112@gmail.com

 

Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet Faculty of mining geology and petroleum engineering Pierottijeva ulica 6, 10000, Zagreb

[ORCID] Ivana Verčević[*][1]

 

Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet Faculty of mining geology and petroleum engineering Pierottijeva ulica 6, 10000, Zagreb

[ORCID] Ivan Smajla[*][2]

 

Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet Faculty of mining geology and petroleum engineering Pierottijeva ulica 6, 10000, Zagreb

[ORCID] Daria Karasalihović-Sedlar[*][3]

 

Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet Faculty of mining geology and petroleum engineering Pierottijeva ulica 6, 10000, Zagreb

Author notes:

Correspondence to: [*] Ivana Verčević,Rudarsko-geološko-naftni fakultet,Pierottijeva ulica 6, 10000, Zagreb vercevic0112@gmail.com

Abstract

Ruska Federacija najveći je uvoznik plina u Europsku uniju već dugi niz godina. Nakon rusko – ukrajinskih plinskih sporova oko cijena plina i transportnih naknada, koji su uzrokovali prekide isporuke plina prema Europskoj uniji, pojedine europske zemlje i Rusija su započele s realizacijom novih transportnih pravaca za dobavu prirodnog plina. Donedavno je velik dio ruskog plina namijenjenog Europskoj uniji bio transportiran preko Ukrajine, no pokretanjem projekata izgradnje alternativnih opskrbnih pravaca, transportni tokovi plina se mijenjaju. Od početka 2020. godine većina plina za Europsku uniju se više ne dobavlja preko Ukrajine. U ovom su radu istražena dva plinovoda, Nord Stream i TurkStream, koji predstavljaju alternativne dobavne pravce, kojima se ruski plin uvozi u Europsku uniju zaobilazeći Ukrajinu.

Translated Abstract

The Russian Federation has been the largest importer of gas to the European Union for many years. After the Russian-Ukrainian gas disputes over gas prices and transport fees, which caused interruptions in gas supplies to the European Union, some European countries and Russia have begun to implement new transport routes for the supply of natural gas. Until recently, much of Russia's gas destined for the European Union was transported via Ukraine, but with the launch of alternative supply routes, gas transport flows are changing. From the beginning of 2020, most gas for the European Union is no longer supplied through Ukraine. In this paper, two gas pipelines, Nord Stream and TurkStream, are explored, representing alternative supply routes, through which Russian gas is imported into the European Union bypassing Ukraine.

Europska unija (EU) ovisna je o uvozu energije zbog nedostane domaće proizvodnje u odnosu na potrošnju. Više od pola potrošnje energije u EU zadovoljava se uvozom. Zbog činjenice da se velik udio primarne energije uvozi iz malog broja zemalja, opskrba EU primarnom energijom mogla bi biti ugrožena, što je postalo značajno nakon sukoba u Ukrajini. Geopolitički odnosi Ukrajine i Rusije uzrokovali su djelomične ili potpune prekide u opskrbi europskih zemalja ruskim plinom koji se transportira preko Ukrajine. Obzirom da je Rusija najveći dobavljač plina za Europsku uniju, novim plinovodima, koji zaobilaze područje Ukrajine, povećava se sigurnost opskrbe.

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