Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/24.1.3667
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) gas exchange capacity under nutrient deficiency
Tomislav JAVORNIK
orcid.org/0009-0007-0595-1955
; Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Milan POLJAK
; University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Nutrition, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Klaudija CAROVIĆ-STANKO
orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-9875
; Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Boris LAZAREVIĆ
; Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
The lack of plant nutrients is a major problem for agriculture. Because of their essential role in the most important metabolic processes of plants, their deficiency depresses photosynthesis and disrupts the efficient operation of the photosynthetic apparatus. In this study, we investigated the gas exchange of common beans bean under the N, P, K, Mg, and Fe deficiency. The experiment was set up as a hydroponic, fully aerated, floating system in 6 hydroponic tubs. Each hydroponic tub contained 10 plants and was filled with a modified Hoagland nutrient solution. One group of plants was grown in a complete nutrient solution (control), while the other treatments lacked one of the following nutrients: N, P, K, Mg and Fe. During the experiment, gas exchange parameters: net photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were measured. At the end of the experiment, the nutrient content of the plant tissue was determined. Nutrient deficiency significantly affected all measured photosynthetic parameters and visual symptoms indicated that a lack of different nutrients affected the photosynthetic machinery at different points. Potassium deficiency lower stomatal conductance and increased mesophyll resistance to CO2 diffusion and/or RubisCO activity. Nitrogen and Mg deficiency affected chlorophyll synthesis and accelerated leaf senescence. Phosphorus deficiency caused less damage to gas exchange parameters probably due to protective mechanisms of reduced leaf area. Seed Fe content was surplus to sustain photosynthetic machinery during the early developmental phase.
Keywords
transpiration; net photosynthetic rate; stomatal conductance; intercellular CO2 concentration
Hrčak ID:
296734
URI
Publication date:
29.3.2023.
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