Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.2745

Development of an extemporaneous veterinary oral paste formulation with praziquantel and ivermectin for equine

Mladena Lalić-Popović orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-3868 ; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; Centre for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Nemanja Todorović orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-5643 ; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Ivana Čabarkapa orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-4281 ; Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Miroslav Hadnađev ; Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Tijana Kukurić ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Zorana Kovačević orcid.org/0000-0002-0133-872X ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia *

* Corresponding author.

Abstract

The development of oral paste for horses through drug compounding represents a significant advancement in the veterinary medicine. In many countries limited availability of commercial anthelmintic medications has posed challenges. To address this issue, a compounded oral paste containing a combination of praziquantel and ivermectin has been developed. On the basis of authorized veterinary medicine products and a risk assessment, three different lipophilic bases for placebo oral pastes were selected: two contained mixtures of natural triglycerides and one had synthetic ones (shea butter, cacao butter and hard fats). Additionally, pharmaceutical formulations consisted of su- crose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and glycerol. The pharmaceutical-technological characterization, rheological assessments and microbiological evaluations of the compounded oral pastes were used as selection criteria for creat- ing an optimal formulation. All three placebo formulations were microbiologically stable for 45 days (<10 CFU/g), but the formulation with shea butter had the best spreadability and rheological characteristics. The final formulation consisted of 30% powdered particles with appropriate particle size distribution. The frequency sweep oscillatory rheological measurements (0.1-10 Hz) revealed a domination of storage modulus (G’) over loss modulus (G”) in all tested pharmaceutical formulations, suggesting solid-like viscoelastic behavior. Although the replacement of sucrose with praziquantel and ivermectin led to a slight decrease in spreadability, it was still superior to the other two placebo formulations. This newly developed extemporaneous preparation with a fixed combination of active pharmaceutical ingredients (praziquantel and ivermectin) offers the single application of two anthelmintic drugs. The compounded drugs ensure the fulfillment of the specific needs regarding accuracy of dosing, optimal therapeutic outcomes, and palatability.

Keywords

veterinary compounding; horses; rheology; anthelmintics

Hrčak ID:

332647

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/332647

Publication date:

1.7.2025.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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