Histria antiqua, Vol. 21 No. 21, 2012.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
The Importance of the Danube River Route for the Import of Sculptures in Dardania During the Roman Period
Exhlale DOBRUNA-SALIHU
; Instituti Albanologjik 10000 Pristinë, Kosovë
Sažetak
In spite of the fact that the Danube does not flow through Dardania, from the point of view of river traffic
during the Roman period, the navigation route of this river certainly played a particularly important role. The
Danube was connected with Dardania through the Margus (Morava) and Timachus (Timok) rivers. It played a
prominent role for this area in the import of sculpture and marble blocks not only from Asia Minor but also from
other Mediterranean areas. This comes most to the fore in the north Dardanian centres: in the settlement and
station Timachum minus (Ravne), connected with the Danube via the Timachus river (the White Timok and the
Great Timok) – another river important for transport – and the municipium Naissus (Niš), which was connected
through that same route, as well as through the Margus river. Another way that both centres were connected
was through the road Naissus-Ratiaria, connecting Naissus and Timacum Minus with the Danube region. Marble
from Asia Minor was imported to the area of Naissus for the manufacture of a number of cult sculptures of Greco-
Roman (Fig. 3) and local pantheons (Fig. 4). Sculptures in porphyry imported from Egypt arrived through the
Mediterranean and the Black Sea – two cult figurines were found in the peristylium of the palace (villa) in Mediana
(Brzi Brod) (Fig. 1-2), while one portrait head was found in Naissus (Fig. 10). Taking into consideration that
the Greeks transported marble also on wagons, we have not included the sculptures found in this centre that were
made of Greek (Attic) marble, because it is possible that it was imported through a shorter route – by sea to Thessaloniki
and then by the road Thessaloniki-Scupi-Naissus – which especially suited the figurines, which form the
bulk of the finds in this centre. Timacum minor yielded a group of cult sculptures of Oriental and Greco-Roman
pantheons (Fig. 5-9), found in the Dolicheneum near the castrum. Based on the type of marble, by and large from
Asia Minor, the group was probably imported from there, or was crafted in local workshops. From the central part
of the Dardanian area, the same provenance is presumed for two imported sarcophagi – a semi-finished import
of Proconnesus marble from the settlement and station Vendenis (Gllamnik) (Fig. 11), and a finished one from
Ulpiana (near Prishtina) (Fig. 12).
These artefacts, which belong to three thematic groups of excellent stone from the famous quarries of the Mediterranean,
are mostly high-quality works – either imports (in most cases), or local products (more rarely) – mostly
from the end of the 3rd and the beginning of the 4th c.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
102442
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.8.2012.
Posjeta: 1.773 *